Chemical Treatment Method for Obtaining Clean and Intact Pollen Shells of Different Species

Gonzalez-Cruz, Pedro; Uddin, Jasim; Atwe, Shashwati U.; Abidi, Noureddine; Gill, Harvinder Singh

doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00304

Cited by 55 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…It is highly resistant to high temperature, various organic solvents, acids, alkalis, and biodegradation. 23 , 24 The thin parts of the pollen tube located in this layer are called the aperture. The aperture is called a pore if it is in the form of holes and colpus if it is in the form of clefts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juglans Sporopollenin for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Design

et al. 2020

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Recently, plant pollen has been used as a source of activated carbon to produce carbon-containing supercapacitor electrodes. However, in this study, pollen was used as a biotemplate with a completely different approach. As a biotemplate, pollen offers a wide range of varieties in terms of exterior, porosity, shape, and size. An electrode formed by the use of metal oxide grown on the pollen exine layer (sporopollenin microcapsules) as the active substance will inevitably exhibit good electrochemical capacitive properties. Juglans male flowers have been distinguished by dissection from anthers. Isolation of pollen grains from anthers was carried out using sieving from suitable sieves (45–200 μm). Juglans sporopollenin exine microcapsules (SECs) were separated from the intine and protoplasm by acetolysis in combination with reflux. The solution containing SECs, metal ions, and Ni foam was put into a Teflon-lined hydrothermal container, and then, it was reacted at 120 °C for 15 h. The resulting precipitate, as well as the Ni foam, was heat-treated at 300 and 360 °C for 3 h in air. The raw pollen, chemically treated pollen, and cobalt-coated SEC (CoSEC) and CoSEC/Ni foam were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Two different types of supercapacitor electrode designs, with the use of exine microcapsules of Juglans sporopollenin, were performed for the first time. The maximum specific capacitance was up to 1691 F g –1 at 5 A g –1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juglans Sporopollenin for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Design

et al. 2020

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“…As a consequence of chemical treatment for removing allergy-causing materials from pollens, apertures in the pollen wall, which are normally closed, get opened up (Gonzalez Cruz et al, 2018). These open apertures function as orifices in the pollen wall and can be used to fill the cavity of clean pollens with drugs and vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen grains as a novel microcarrier for oral delivery of proteins

Lale

Gill

2018

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Oral delivery of proteins and peptides is a challenge due to their degradation in the stomach. To overcome this challenge, ragweed (Ambrosia elatior) pollen grains were engineered to serve as protective microcapsules. A matrix comprising of Eudragit L100-55, an enteric polymer was deposited on the inner surfaces of ragweed pollens to protect the encapsulated protein from gastric degradation and to achieve pH-dependent release in the intestine. The Eudragit L100-55 matrix was formed without use of organic solvents so that solvent-induced damage to protein molecules could be prevented. To demonstrate the concept, bovine serum albumin (BSA) a model protein was used. A matrix of Eudragit L100-55 embedded with BSA was prepared in ragweed pollens by optimizing their respective concentrations for maximizing BSA loading in the matrix. The ability of this optimized formulation to protect BSA in simulated gastric acid fluid was evaluated. Release studies in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) showed minimal BSA release from the ragweed-Eudragit L100-55 formulation. Analysis of BSA retained in the formulation after its exposure to gastric fluid confirmed that the residual BSA had not denatured. Release studies in the simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) showed that ragweed pollen offered additional controlled release mechanism within the first few hours of release by virtue of their solid wall. In conclusion, upon use of a protein-friendly solvent for Eudragit L100-55, proteins could be encapsulated in ragweed pollen without denaturing them, and the resulting formulation exhibited selective release of the proteins at intestinal pH suggesting that the ragweed pollen grain-based formulation could be promising for oral delivery of proteins.

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“…Pollen grains are natural microparticles designed to encapsulate and transport plant genetic material and have been extensively studied owing to their practically indestructible structural characteristics (40). In particular, pollen grains are typically composed of two mechanically distinct layers: a tough sporopollenin exine and a soft cellulose intine (41)(42)(43). The double linkage of ester and acetal groups contributes to the superior mechanical stiffness and chemical inertness of the sporopollenin exine (44).…”

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confidence: 99%

Actuation and locomotion driven by moisture in paper made with natural pollen

Zhao

Hwang

Yang

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Here we describe the development of a humidity-responsive sheet of paper that is derived solely from natural pollen. Adaptive soft material components of the paper exhibit diverse and well-integrated responses to humidity that promote shape reconfiguration, actuation, and locomotion. This mechanically versatile and nonallergenic paper can generate a cyclically high contractile stress upon water absorption and desorption, and the rapid exchange of water drives locomotion due to hydrodynamic effects. Such dynamic behavior can be finely tuned by adjusting the structure and properties of the paper, including thickness, surface roughness, and processing conditions, analogous to those of classical soapmaking. We demonstrate that humidity-responsive paper-like actuators can mimic the blooming of the Michelia flower and perform self-propelled motion. Harnessing the material properties of bioinspired systems such as pollen paper opens the door to a wide range of sustainable, eco-friendly, and biocompatible material innovation platforms for applications in sensing, actuation, and locomotion.

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Chemical Treatment Method for Obtaining Clean and Intact Pollen Shells of Different Species

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Juglans Sporopollenin for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Design

Juglans Sporopollenin for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Design

Pollen grains as a novel microcarrier for oral delivery of proteins

Actuation and locomotion driven by moisture in paper made with natural pollen

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