Chemical Synthesis, Characterization and Bioactivity Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite Prepared from Garden snail (Helix aspersa)

Abstract

A novel attempt is made to convert the calcium carbonate skeleton of widely available garden snail shell (Helix aspersa) to hydroxyapatite based bioceramics. The snail shell was found to decompose within 850 0 C to all the carbonate phases. The calcined snail shells were then treated with acids followed by different chemicals in ammoniacal media maintaining proper stoichemetry to produce fine Hydroxyapatite (HAP) as filter cake with Ca/P molar ratio of 1.67. The dried HAP powder was extremely pure with specific surface area of 15m 2 /g. The different characterization techniques were adopted both for calcined snail shell and HAP synthesized like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermal Analysis (DTA/ TGA), Fourier Transform Infra red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The surface area and the particle size, of the HAP powder prepared by chemical precipitation route, were also determined by BET and Malvern particle size analyzer respectively. The synthesized powder was soaked in stimulated body fluid (SBF) medium for various periods of time in order to evaluate its bioactivity. The changes of the pH of SBF medium were measured. High bioactivity of prepared HAP powder due to the formation of apatite on its surface was observed.

Fabrication of 3D porous silk scaffolds by particulate (salt/sucrose) leaching for bone tissue reconstruction

“…4A). As in the previous study, the peak at 1021 cm −1 was associated with the stretching mode of P-O bonds of HAP, and the double peak at 604 cm −1 and 561 cm −1 indicates bending modes of P-O bonds in phosphate groups [23,24]. These peaks can also be found in the "HSS" and "HSN" scaffolds ( Fig.…”

Biomimetic Calcium Phosphates Derived from Marine and Land Bioresources

“…• Land gastropod shells (snails such as Helix pomatia or Helix aspersa) contain mainly CaCO 3 and minor amounts of MgCO 3 and organic compounds, which were reported as raw materials for producing natural bioceramics [32,33].…”

Physical, mechanical properties and antimicrobial analysis of a novel CaO·Al2O3 compound reinforced with Al or Ag particles

“…Calcium aluminate is synthesized principally from the CaO and Al 2 O 3 (Andrade et al, 2014;Yongpan et al, 2016;Iftekhar et al, 2008;Wieczorek-Ciurowa et al, 2010;Lourençoa et al, 2013;Zawrah and Khalil, 2007), but in some cases, the CaO is obtained through the thermic effect from CaCO 3 (Miranda Hernández et al, 2018;Andrade et al, 2014;Iftekhar et al, 2008;Galan et al, 2013). Also, CaCO 3 can be obtained from natural sources such as snail shells, egg shells or clam shells (Miranda Hernández et al, 2018;Singh and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.05.041 Received 18 January 2019; Accepted 27 May 2019 Purohit, 2010;Viriya et al, 1016;Ligaszewski et al, 2009;White et al, 2007;Marxen et al, 2003;Niju et al, 2016). Microstructure and mechanical properties of the calcium aluminate CaO•Al 2 O 3 were studied in our previous work.…”

“…Therefore, this study has the purpose to establish a direct fabrication route of ceramic compounds with the addition of metallic particles by an in-situ process. The synthesis of this material considers the obtaining of CaCO 3 from snail shells as a source of CaO to get calcium aluminates (Miranda Hernández et al, 2018;Aitasalo et al, 2002;Galan et al, 2013;Singh and Purohit, 2010;Viriya et al, 1016). On the other hand, the selection of Al and Ag as reinforcement metals in the ceramic matrix has two intentions; the first, it is to study the effect of the metallic particles on the microstructure and its mechanical properties, such as hardness, fracture toughness, and shear modulus considering that Al and Ag are ductile and malleable metals; the second, is a study of the biological behavior considering some medical application principally as dentistry material (Regina de Oliveira et al, 2015;Leal Silva et al, 2014;Engqvist et al, 2004;Oliveira et al, 2010;Andrade et al, 2014;Aguilar et al, 2012).…”