Chemical submission to commit robbery: A series of involuntary intoxications with flunitrazepam in Asian travellers in Brussels

Ramadan, Ahmed Sabry; Wenanu, Ombawo; Cock, A. De; Maes, Veronique; Lheureux, Philippe; Mols, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2013.06.017

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The phenomenon of “date rape” or robbery has been connected to BDZ consumption or unaware administration, with dissociative experiences, derealization, and anterograde amnesia being common. 175 , 176 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap between education and appropriate use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric clinical practice

Dell’Osso¹,

Albert²,

Atti³

et al. 2015

NDT

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More than half a century after their discovery, benzodiazepines (BDZs) still represent one of the largest and most widely prescribed groups of psychotropic compounds, not only in clinical psychiatry but also in the entire medical field. Over the last two decades, however, there has been an increased focus on the development of antidepressants and antipsychotics on the part of the pharmaceutical industry, clinicians, and researchers, with a reduced interest in BDZs, in spite of their widespread clinical use. As a consequence, many psychiatric residents, medical students, nurses, and other mental health professionals might receive poor academic teaching and training regarding these agents, and have the false impression that BDZs represent an outdated chapter in clinical psychopharmacology. However, recent advances in the field, including findings concerning epidemiology, addiction risk, and drug interactions, as well as the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition with related diagnostic changes, strongly encourage an updated appraisal of the use of BDZs in clinical practice. During a recent thematic event convened with the aim of approaching this topic in a critical manner, a group of young Italian psychiatrists attempted to highlight possible flaws in current teaching pathways, identify the main clinical pros and cons regarding current use of BDZs in clinical practice, and provide an updated overview of their use across specific clinical areas and patient populations. The main results are presented and discussed in this review.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap between education and appropriate use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric clinical practice

Dell’Osso¹,

Albert²,

Atti³

et al. 2015

NDT

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“…Finally, the police send undercover agents and managed to capture those responsible. This case shows as a mishandled drug can facilitate the criminals' activities [47].…”

Section: Toxicological Effects Of Inappropriate Use Of Benzodiazepines 71 An Essential Medicine That May Become a Weapon For The Crimementioning

confidence: 89%

Benzodiazepines: Their Use either as Essential Medicines or as Toxics Substances

Sanabria

Cuenca

Esteso

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…These properties have promoted its abuse as a date-rape drug. It should be noted that FNZ is 10 times as potent as DZ (Ramadan et al 2013). Interestingly, in our previous study, we showed that an acute dose of FNZ (1 mg/kg, sc ) enhanced locomotor activity of mice, whereas the injection of DZ in mice on the first day of that experiment induced sedation (Talarek et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

et al. 2016

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The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of drugs modifying l-arginine:NO:cGMP pathway on the development of tolerance to flunitrazepam (FNZ)-induced motor impairment in mice. FNZ-induced motor incoordination was assessed on the 1st and 8th days of experiment, using the rotarod and chimney tests. It was found that (a) both a non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor: N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) and an unselective neuronal NOS inhibitor: 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) inhibited the development of tolerance to the motor-impairing effects of FNZ in the rotarod and the chimney tests and (b) both a NO precursor: l-arginine and a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5): sildenafil did not affect the development of tolerance to FNZ-induced motor impairment in mice. Those findings provided behavioural evidence that NO could contribute an important role in the development of tolerance to FNZ in mice.

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Chemical submission to commit robbery: A series of involuntary intoxications with flunitrazepam in Asian travellers in Brussels

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Bridging the gap between education and appropriate use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric clinical practice

Bridging the gap between education and appropriate use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric clinical practice

Benzodiazepines: Their Use either as Essential Medicines or as Toxics Substances

The Importance of l-Arginine:NO:cGMP Pathway in Tolerance to Flunitrazepam in Mice

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