Chemical Strategies for the Control of the Golden Mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) in Industrial Facilities

Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Recoverable Magnetic Nanoparticles on Mitigating Golden Mussel Biofouling

“…Consistently, the marine fouling mussel Mytilus edulis exposed to H 2 O 2 showed a progressive decrease in byssus production as the concentration increased . Although these chemical reagents appear to be effective, their residues in water pose high risks to aquatic ecosystems . Therefore, reducing byssus adhesion using the chemicals without unacceptable environmental impacts and with the function of changing redox environments may be a feasible way to control fouling mussels.…”

“…7,8 Moreover, the residues of chemical reagents often cause secondary pollution to the treated water, limiting the wide applications of these reagents in some specific industries such as drinking water systems. 9 Controlling fouling mussels in an efficient and pollution-free manner, namely, environment-friendly antifouling, is still a challenge but urgently needed in both freshwater and marine ecosystems.…”

“…15 Although these chemical reagents appear to be effective, their residues in water pose high risks to aquatic ecosystems. 9 Therefore, reducing byssus adhesion using the chemicals without unacceptable environmental impacts and with the function of changing redox environments may be a feasible way to control fouling mussels. Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), a class of NPs consisting of magnetic elements such as cobalt, nickel, iron, or their oxides, have wide applications in water purification systems, particularly in drinking water and industrial wastewater, mainly owing to their recoverable, bactericidal, and adsorptive properties.…”

“…Scientists and managers have developed and employed physical, chemical, and biological strategies to control fouling mussels in aquatic ecosystems. − Among available strategies, chemical killing was considered to be a more effective antifouling method against various mussel species. However, the mussels exposed to high concentrations of some chemicals usually close their valves to avoid direct contact with toxic reagents, while most of the killed mussels still adhere to substrate surfaces using their byssus, a specific adhesive structure that is not sensitive to traditional chemical reagents, finally reducing the efficiency of this method. , Moreover, the residues of chemical reagents often cause secondary pollution to the treated water, limiting the wide applications of these reagents in some specific industries such as drinking water systems . Controlling fouling mussels in an efficient and pollution-free manner, namely, environment-friendly antifouling, is still a challenge but urgently needed in both freshwater and marine ecosystems.…”

Biocides in Antifouling Paint Formulations Currently Registered For Use

“…Antifouling paints have been used to prevent the settlement of fouling in vessel hulls (Omae 2003;Dafforn et al 2011), aquaculture facilities (Guardiola et al 2012) and other submerged structures, such as pipes, gates, stationary structures, etc (Bleile and Rodgers 2001;Yebra et al 2004; Claudi and de Oliveira 2015). The reduction and prevention of fouling in vessel contributes to decrease shipping costs, fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (Schultz et al 2011).…”