Chemical speciation of chromium(III,VI) employing extractive spectrophotometry and tetraphenylarsonium chloride or tetraphenylphosphonium bromide as ion-pair reagent

El-Shahawi, M.S.; Hassan, Saad S. M.; Othman, Abdelhameed M.; Zyada, M.A.; El-Sonbati, Mervat A.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2004.11.085

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Under the optimum pH, the effect of the concentrations of ligand on the extraction recovery of Cr(III) was studied, the results are shown in Figure 3 [45] buffer solution, the buffering capacity is not sufficient for adjusting pH. Effect of volume of chloroform.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of Chromium in Water Samples with Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abkenar¹,

Hosseini²,

Dahaghin³

et al. 2010

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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A novel method was developed for the speciation of chromium in natural water samples based on homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In this method, Cr(III) reacts with a new Schiff's base ligand to form the hydrophobic complex, which is subsequently entrapped in the sediment phase, whereas Cr(VI) remained in aqueous phase. The Cr(VI) assay is based on its reduction to Cr(III) by the addition of sodium sulfite to the sample solution. Thus, separation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) could be realized. Homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction based on the pH-independent phase-separation process was investigated using a ternary solvent system (water-tetrabutylammonium ion (TBA + )-chloroform) for the preconcentration of chromium. The phase separation phenomenon occurred by an ion-pair formation of TBA and perchlorate ion. Then sedimented phase was separated using a 100 µL micro-syringe and diluted to 1.0 mL with ethanol. The sample was introduced into the flame by conventional aspiration. After the optimization of complexation and extraction conditions such as pH = 9. -2 M, a preconcentration factor (Va/Vs) of 100 was obtained for only 10 mL of the sample. The relative standard deviation was 2.8% (n = 10). The limit of detection was sufficiently low and lie at ppb level. The proposed method was applied for the extraction and determination of chromium in natural water samples with satisfactory results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of Chromium in Water Samples with Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abkenar¹,

Hosseini²,

Dahaghin³

et al. 2010

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…Aqueous solutions (0.1 L) containing Cr(III) at various concentrations (0.05 -50 μg mL -1 ) were oxidized to Cr(VI) using H2O2 in alkaline KOH (1.0 mol L -1 ). 22 They were then percolated through TPP + ·Br -PUFs packed column at 5 mL min -1 flow rate against reagent blank at the optimum conditions of Cr(VI) retention. The resultant Cr(VI) solutions were percolated through TPP + ·Br -PUFs packed column at 5 mL min -1 flow rate against reagent blank.…”

Section: Chromatographic Separation Of Cr(vi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24] The cellular structures of the PUFs in foamed and micro spherical forms make it a suitable and excellent filling material with good capacity for firmly retaining various extracting agents. 25,26 Based on the resilience characters of the PUFs, El-Shahawi et al 27 have used tetraphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP + ·Br -) treated PUFs in medical syringes in pulse column for speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species in wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Speciation of Chromium(III) and (VI) Using Phosphonium Cation Impregnated Polyurethane Foams Prior to Their Spectrometric Determination

2011

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“…Because of its importance, chromium chemical speciation analysis has been widely studied, and several analytical techniques has been suggested to do it, such as atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomisation (Zhu et al 2005;Krishna et al 2005;El-Shahawi et al 2005;Blas et al 2007), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Chen et al 2007;Krishna et al 2005), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (Menegario et al 2005;Parodi et al 2005;Sumida et al 2005;Gil et al 2005) and fluorescence spectrometry (Chen et al 2005). However, the adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (AdCSV) is a technique as sensitivity as versatile and can be applied to different environmental matrix, and it is also adequate to chemical speciation analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation and application of the voltammetric technique for speciation of chromium in the Patos Lagoon Estuary—Brazil

Borges

Niencheski

Milani

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The chemical speciation analysis of chromium in one of the most important South American Estuary was performed for the first time. Samples were collected in Patos Lagoon Estuary (Brazil) and were analysed by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry, with the following analytical figures of merit: limit of detection, 0.1 nmol L(-1); precision RSD = 3%, n = 7; linearity, from limit of quantitation up to 20 nmol L(-1); and accuracy of 99.8%, expressed as recovery. No labile chromium forms were identified in samples, beside industries and a city were near the study area. It is pointed out a reverse correlation between total and non-active chromium and salinity, which could be explained by biogeochemical processes.

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Chemical speciation of chromium(III,VI) employing extractive spectrophotometry and tetraphenylarsonium chloride or tetraphenylphosphonium bromide as ion-pair reagent

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Speciation of Chromium in Water Samples with Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Speciation of Chromium in Water Samples with Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Chemical Speciation of Chromium(III) and (VI) Using Phosphonium Cation Impregnated Polyurethane Foams Prior to Their Spectrometric Determination

Optimisation and application of the voltammetric technique for speciation of chromium in the Patos Lagoon Estuary—Brazil

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