Chemical Profile of Launaea nudicaulis Ethanolic Extract and Its Antidiabetic Effect in Streptozotocin-Induced Rats

Abstract

Launaea nudicaulis is used in folk medicine worldwide to treat several diseases. The present study aimed to assess the antidiabetic activity of L. nudicaulis ethanolic extract and its effect on diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats. The extract was orally administrated at 250 and 500 mg/kg/day for 5-weeks and compared to glibenclamide as a reference drug at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Administration of the extract exhibited a potential hypoglycemic effect manifested by a significant depletion of serum blood glucose concurrent with a significant elevation in serum insulin secretion. After 5-weeks, extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg/day decreased blood glucose levels by about 53.8 and 68.1%, respectively, compared to the initial values (p ≤ 0.05). The extract at the two dosages prevented weight loss of rats from the 2nd week till the end of the experiment, compared to diabetic control rats. The extract further exhibited marked improvement in diabetic complications including liver, kidney and testis performance, oxidative stress, and relative weight of vital organs, with respect to diabetic control. Histopathological examinations confirmed the previous biochemical analysis, where the extract showed a protective effect on the pancreas, liver, kidney, and testis that degenerated in diabetic control rats. To characterize extract composition, UPLC-ESI–qTOF-MS identified 85 chromatographic peaks belonging to flavonoids, phenolics, acyl glycerols, nitrogenous compounds, and fatty acids, with four novel phenolics reported. The potential anti-diabetic effect warrants its inclusion in further studies and or isolation of the main bioactive agent(s).

Chemical Profile of Cyperus laevigatus and Its Protective Effects against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats

“…The UPLC-MS analysis was carried out with the same documented protocol and conditions as El-Newary, et al [ 62 ] and Farrag, Abdallah, Khattab, Elshamy, Gendy, Mohamed, Farag, Efferth and Hegazy [ 6 ].…”

Comparative Metabolite Fingerprinting of Four Different Cinnamon Species Analyzed via UPLC–MS and GC–MS and Chemometric Tools

“…Dried finely pulverized cinnamon specimens (10 mg) were extracted by adding 2 mL 70% MeOH, containing 10 µg mL −1 umbelliferone as an internal standard sonicated for 20 min with frequent shaking, then centrifuged at 12,000× g for 10 min to remove debris. The filtered extract through a 0.22 µm filter was subjected to solid-phase extraction using a C 18 cartridge (Sep-Pack, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) as previously described [87]. Cinnamon bark methanol extracts (2 µL) were injected on an HSS T3 column (100 × 1.0 mm, particle size 1.8 µm; Waters, Milford, MA, USA) installed on an ACQUITY UPLC system (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) equipped with a 6540 Agilent Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) Accurate-Mass Q-TOF-LC-MS (Palo Alto, CA, USA) coupled to an ESI interface, operated in positive or negative ion mode under the exact conditions of our previous work [56].…”

Oral and Topical Anti-Inflammatory and Antipyretic Potentialities of Araucaria bidiwillii Shoot Essential Oil and Its Nanoemulsion in Relation to Chemical Composition

“…Nature products have represented the main resources of the backbone of human needs for life from the beginning of civilization, including foods and remedies [ 1 ]. Around 80% of humanity has used ≈21,000 medicinal herbs for the treatment of diseases [ 2 ]. Essential oils (EOs) have played an important role in the treatment of several diseases [ 3 ].…”

“…Essential oils (EOs) have played an important role in the treatment of several diseases [ 3 ]. EOs represented one of the main targets of the researchers in the fighting of the different diseases especially inflammations and tumors [ 2 ].…”