Chemical Profile and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Rosa canina L. Dried Fruit Commercially Available in Serbia

Abstract

The aim of this work was to give as much information as possible on Rosa canina dried fruit that is commercially available in Serbia. In order to provide the chemical composition, the UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was employed for both polar and non-polar extracts of samples obtained with a solvent mixture consisting of hexane, acetone, and ethanol in a volume ratio of 2:1:1, respectively, and 0.05% (w/v) butylated hydroxytoluene. In addition, the total content levels of lycopene, β-carotene, total polyphenols, and flavonoids were determined by means of UV-vis spectrophotometry. The antioxidant activity was tested by applying four different methods: ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC. Overall, nine compounds were identified. The results of chemical composition analysis were used as the basis for the interpretation of the calculated results for the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The obtained results for R. canina dried fruit extract are as follows: β-carotene—7.25 [mg/100 g fruit weight]; lycopene—2.34 (mg/100 g FW); total polyphenol content (TPC)—2980 [mg GAE/kg FW]; total flavonoid content (TFC)—1454 [mg CE/kg FW]; antioxidant activity—ABTS 12.3 [μmol/100 g FW], DPPH 6.84, FRAP 52.04, and CUPRAC 15,425; and antimicrobial activity—Staphylococcus aureus MIC/MMC 4/0 [mg∙mL−1], Enterococcus faecalis 4/0, Bacillus cereus 4/0, Escherichia coli 4/0, Salmonella enteritidis 4/4, Enteroabacter aerogenes 4/0, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2/0, and Candida albicans 2/0.

Antimicrobial Metabolites of Caucasian Medicinal Plants as Alternatives to Antibiotics

“…In addition to their antimicrobial properties, medicinal plants have long been regarded as a traditional source of antifungal remedies [ 75 ]. Many studies demonstrated antifungal activities of Caucasian medicinal plants against different fungal species, including Candida [ 25 , 29 , 36 , 39 , 41 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 54 , 56 , 63 , 66 ]. Significant activity against the Candida species was revealed for the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze [ 43 ] and the acetone extracts of A. eupatoria plants [ 36 ], as well as the methanol extracts of P. harmala [ 66 ] and the essential oil obtained from the flowering aerial parts of M. pulegium [ 46 ].…”