“…Their data collectively show that probably all chemical carcinogens, both genotoxic and non-genotoxic ones, can function as aneugens or physically altering either the chromosomes or the spindle apparatus (see, above, Stage one: generation of aneuploidy) [Natarajan et al, 1984;Liang and Brinkley, 1985;Cimino et al, 1986;Galloway and Ivett, 1986;Jensen and Thilly, 1986;Oenfelt, 1986;Parry and Sors, 1993;Parry et al, 1996;Aardema et al, 1998;Duesberg et al, 2000].…”