Chemical modification of soybean flour‐based adhesives using acetylated cellulose nanocrystals

Eslah, Farnaz; Jonoobi, Mehdi; Faezipour, Mehdi; Ashori, Alireza

doi:10.1002/pc.24389

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Farnaz Eslah et al have studied the formation of adhesives composed of acetylated cellulose nanocrystals (ACNC), soybean flour (SF), and acetylated soybean flour (ASF) [51]. The acetylation of the cellulose nanocrystals reduces the crystallinity of cellulose.…”

Section: Cellulose-based Adhesives and Sealantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Overview on Bio-Based Adhesives and Sealants

et al. 2019

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Adhesives and sealants (AS) are materials with excellent properties, versatility, and simple curing mechanisms, being widely used in different areas ranging from the construction to the medical sectors. Due to the fast-growing demand for petroleum-based products and the consequent negative environmental impact, there is an increasing need to develop novel and more sustainable sources to obtain raw materials (monomers). This reality is particularly relevant for AS industries, which are generally dependent on non-sustainable fossil raw materials. In this respect, biopolymers, such as cellulose, starch, lignin, or proteins, emerge as important alternatives. Nevertheless, substantial improvements and developments are still required in order to simplify the synthetic routes, as well as to improve the biopolymer stability and performance of these new bio-based AS formulations. This environmentally friendly strategy will hopefully lead to the future partial or even total replacement of non-renewable petroleum-based feedstock. In this brief overview, the general features of typical AS are reviewed and critically discussed regarding their drawbacks and advantages. Moreover, the challenges faced by novel and more ecological alternatives, in particular lignocellulose-based solutions, are highlighted.

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Section: Cellulose-based Adhesives and Sealantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Overview on Bio-Based Adhesives and Sealants

et al. 2019

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“…However, due to its low adhesion strength, poor water resistance, high viscosity, and low solid content, the soy protein adhesive has limited application in industry [8,9]. Earlier studies have attempted numerous and varied methods to chemically modify soy protein in order to improve its bonding performance—such as denaturing agent- [10,11], crosslinking- [12,13], grafting- [14,15], and nano-fiber modification [16], etc. However, the effects of different modification methods on the properties of soybean protein-based adhesives have hardly been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Denaturants on Properties and Performance of Soy Protein-Based Adhesive

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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Chemical modification of soy protein, via crosslinking, is the preferred method for creating non-toxic, renewable, environmentally friendly wood adhesives. The denaturing process of protein is important for the adhesive performance improvement. In order to investigate the effect of different denaturing agents on the performance of soy protein-based adhesives before and after crosslinking modification. In this study, three different denaturing agents—urea (U), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and sodium hydrogen sulfite (SHS) and an epoxide crosslinking agent—Triglycidylamine (CA) were used to prepare soy protein-based adhesives. The results showed: (1) The denaturing agent unfolded protein molecules and exposed more hydrophobic groups to prevent water intrusion, which was mainly a contribution for the water resistance and performance improvement of soy protein-based adhesives. The wet shear strength was improved up to 91.3% (denaturing by urea). (2) After modifying by the crosslinking agent, the properties and performance improvement was due to the fact that the active groups on soybean protein molecules reacted with the crosslinking agent to form a crosslinking structure, and there is no obvious correlation with the hydrophobic groups of the protein. (3) The unfolded soybean protein molecules also expose hydrophilic groups, which facilitates the reaction between the crosslinking agent and protein to form a denser crosslinking structure to improve the performance of the adhesive. Particularly, after denaturing with SHS, the wet shear strength of the plywood bonded by the SPI-SHS-CA adhesive increased by 217.24%.

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“…However, poor water resistance limits the application of soy protein adhesives [ 3 ]. Most studies have focused on using chemical modification to improve the performance of soy protein-based adhesives [ 4 ], such as denaturing agent modification [ 5 ], graft modification [ 6 ], biomimetic modification [ 7 ], latex modification [ 8 ], and synthetic resin modification [ 9 ]. Polyacrylamide and epoxide have been proven to be effective as cross-linkers for soy protein-based adhesives, with the resultant plywood meeting the requirements for interior plywood [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Enzymolysis on Performance of Soy Protein-Based Adhesive

Han

et al. 2018

Molecules

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In this study, bromelain was used to break soy protein molecules into polypeptide chains, and triglycidylamine (TGA) was added to develop a bio-adhesive. The viscosity, residual rate, functional groups, thermal behavior, and fracture surface of different adhesives were measured. A three-ply plywood was fabricated and evaluated. The results showed that using 0.1 wt% bromelain improved the soy protein isolate (SPI) content of the adhesive from 12 wt% to 18 wt%, with viscosity remaining constant, but reduced the residual rate by 9.6% and the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood by 69.8%. After the addition of 9 wt% TGA, the residual rate of the SPI/bromelain/TGA adhesive improved by 13.7%, and the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood increased by 681.3% relative to that of the SPI/bromelain adhesive. The wet shear strength was 30.2% higher than that of the SPI/TGA adhesive, which was attributed to the breakage of protein molecules into polypeptide chains. This occurrence led to (1) the formation of more interlocks with the wood surface during the curing process of the adhesive and (2) the exposure and reaction of more hydrophilic groups with TGA to produce a denser cross-linked network in the adhesive. This denser network exhibited enhanced thermal stability and created a ductile fracture surface after the enzymatic hydrolysis process.

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Chemical modification of soybean flour‐based adhesives using acetylated cellulose nanocrystals

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Brief Overview on Bio-Based Adhesives and Sealants

Brief Overview on Bio-Based Adhesives and Sealants

Effects of Different Denaturants on Properties and Performance of Soy Protein-Based Adhesive

The Effect of Enzymolysis on Performance of Soy Protein-Based Adhesive

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