Chemical Modification of Nano Polyacrylonitrile Prepared by Emulsion Polymerization Induced by Gamma Radiation and Their Use for Removal of Some Metal Ions

Ghobashy, Mohamed Mohamady; Khafaga, Mervat R.

doi:10.1007/s10924-016-0805-4

Cited by 39 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The hydrogel samples are dried, weighed, and then immersed to swell in a solution of desired pH (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), at 25°C for 24 h. The hydrogels are then withdrawn from the solution and weighed after removing excess surface water. The equilibrated swelling (ES) is measured twice using equation (1): where W t is the weight of swollen gel at certain time and W o is the weight of dried gel.…”

Section: Swelling Studies Under Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a natural product that can be extracted from sea brown algae or obtained via bacteria. [11] The first stage of radiation polymerization is the initiation step, in which a free radical (OH • , H • ) is created, typically by radiolysis of H 2 O + and H 2 O − , respectively. [2] The copolymerization can be induced chemically or by gamma radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polymerization reaction is normally initiated with radiation, ultraviolet, or chemical catalysts . The use of radiation is a more efficient process than chemical method . The first stage of radiation polymerization is the initiation step, in which a free radical (OH • , H • ) is created, typically by radiolysis of H 2 O + and H 2 O − , respectively .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

Ghobashy¹,

Bassioni

2017

Adv Polym Technol

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Cross-linking of superabsorbent hydrogels based on poly(acrylamideco-sodium alginate) is carried out using 60 Co γ-radiation. Hydrogels of PAM/NaAlg with 1.5:0.5 and 1.0:1.0 w/v concentrations showed good gel contents of 87 and 66 (%) and swelling degrees in water of 3.7 and 5 (g/g) after 40 min, respectively. The chemical structure of the hydrogel is confirmed by FTIR, XRD, and ESR. The morphology of the hydrogel is observed using scanning electron microscopy. Intramolecular H-bonding in the hydrogel network is confirmed by TGA and DSC. The pH-responsive swelling behavior of (PAMco-NaAlg) hydrogels is tested in different pH ranges showing higher swelling capacities in basic than in acidic media. This property proposes the use of (PAMco-NaAlg) hydrogel as internal curing agent for concrete.The hydrogel is examined with cement weight ratios of (0.1-0.5) wt%. The study shows that cement with (PAMco-NaAlg) hydrogel improves the compressive strength of cement at 0.1 and 0.2 wt%. K E Y W O R D Sγ-radiation, cement, hydrogel, internal curing, smart polymer, sodium alginate How to cite this article: Ghobashy MM, Bassioni G. pH stimuli-responsive poly(acrylamideco-sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ-radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete. Adv Polym

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Section: Swelling Studies Under Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

Ghobashy¹,

Bassioni

2017

Adv Polym Technol

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“…Since the last quarter of the twentieth century, a growing interest in polymerization induced by ionizing radiation has been observed. Throughout this period, researchers have exposed polymeric materials to ionizing radiation and reported the occurring of crosslinking and other useful effects, e.g., miscibility of blend polymer [1][2][3] as well as many different applications in the polymer radiation chemistry field [4,5]. Ionizing radiation is a promising technology for preparation of cost-effective, efficient, safe, and high-quality polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionizing Radiation-Induced Polymerization

El-Sayyad¹

2018

Ionizing Radiation Effects and Applications

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Ionizing radiation can induce some kinds of reactions, other than polymerization, such as dimerization, oligomerization, curing, and grafting. These reactions occur through a regular radical chain causing growth of polymer by three steps, namely, initiation, propagation, and termination. To understand ionizing radiation-induced polymerization, the water radiolysis must be taken into consideration. This chapter explores the mechanism of water molecules radiolysis paying especial attention to the basic regularities of solvent radicals' interaction with the polymer molecules for forming the crosslinked polymer. Water radiolysis is the main engine of the polymerization processes, especially the "freeradical polymerization." The mechanisms of the free-radical polymerization and crosslinking will be discussed in detail later. Since different polymers respond differently to radiation, it is useful to quantify the response, namely in terms of crosslinking and chain scission. A parameter called the G-value is frequently used for this purpose. It represents the chemical yield of crosslinks, scissions and double bonds, etc. For the crosslinked polymer, the crosslinking density increases with increasing the radiation dose, this is reflected by the swelling degree of the polymer while being immersed in a compatible solvent. If crosslinking predominates, the crosslinking density increases and the extent of swelling decreases. If chain scission predominates, the opposite occurs. A further detailed discussion of these aspects is presented throughout this chapter.

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“…Radiation-induced polymerization has been investigated for a long time as an interesting and novel method for controlling polymerization reactions under irradiation conditions by conventional free radical mechanisms. [1][2][3][4] Conditions of radical radiation polymerization in which no special initiator is necessary and polymerization is mainly initiated by OH radicals that are the radiolysis product of water. 5 Radical radiation of chain polymerization occurs by C-H bond scission with C-C covalent bond formation in the molecules causing crosslinking of the polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ core-shell polymerization of magnetic polymer nanocomposite (PAAc/Fe₃O₄) particles via gamma radiation

El-Sayyad

2017

Nanocomposites

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Gamma radiation as a novel approach to synthesize coreshell magnetic polymer nanocomposite (PAAc/Fe 3 O 4) particles was investigated. The Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were primarily prepared by in situ precipitation-oxidation and radiation polymerization of polyacrylic acid PAAc. The polymerization process was carried out by dissolving two salts of Fe 2+/3+ sulfates into a 20% solution of PAAc followed by exposing them to gamma radiation at a dose of 30 kGy. Subsequently, an appropriate amount of ammonium (NH 4 OH) solution was added to the PAAc/Fe 2+/3+ polymer solution, yielding a black precipitate of PAAc/Fe 3 O 4. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the in situ polymerization of core-shell magnetic polymer nanocomposites resulted in sphere-like particles of PAAc/Fe 3 O 4 with diameters of 30 nm. Hysteresis loops indicated that these particles are ferromagnetic in nature.

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Chemical Modification of Nano Polyacrylonitrile Prepared by Emulsion Polymerization Induced by Gamma Radiation and Their Use for Removal of Some Metal Ions

Cited by 39 publications

References 19 publications

pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

Ionizing Radiation-Induced Polymerization

In-situ core-shell polymerization of magnetic polymer nanocomposite (PAAc/Fe₃O₄) particles via gamma radiation

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Chemical Modification of Nano Polyacrylonitrile Prepared by Emulsion Polymerization Induced by Gamma Radiation and Their Use for Removal of Some Metal Ions

Cited by 39 publications

References 19 publications

pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

pHstimuli‐responsive poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium alginate) hydrogels prepared by γ‐radiation for improved compressive strength of concrete

Ionizing Radiation-Induced Polymerization

In-situ core-shell polymerization of magnetic polymer nanocomposite (PAAc/Fe3O4) particles via gamma radiation

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Product

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In-situ core-shell polymerization of magnetic polymer nanocomposite (PAAc/Fe₃O₄) particles via gamma radiation