Chemical modification of matrix Resin networks with engineering thermoplastics

Hedrick, James L.; Yilgör, Iskender; Wilkes, Garth L.; McGrath, James E.

doi:10.1007/bf00254652

Cited by 236 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The IPN or semi-IPN technique is one of the effective modifications of epoxy resin which makes it possible to attain homogeneous hybrid thermoplastic modified epoxy with low fractions of thermoplastics [18]. It is reported that the incorporation of high performance thermoplastics into a thermoset resin system leads to significant improvements in mechanical properties [9,[19][20][21][22]. In our laboratory, epoxy resin has been modified using different polymeric and chemical modifiers namely hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane [23], γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane [24], unsaturated polyester [25], vinylester [26], bismaleimides, polyuretanes [27] and the results obtained have been published elsewhere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is reported that the incorporation of high performance thermoplastics into a thermoset resin system leads to significant improvements in mechanical properties [9,[19][20][21][22] [28][29][30][31][32]. Bismaleimides posses high crosslinking ability, high glass-transition temperature, high thermal ability, high char yield, excellent fire resistance, superior specific strength and specific modulus, and low water absorption.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of polyethersulfone and N,N’-bismaleimido-4,4’-diphenyl methane on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy systems

Rajasekaran¹,

Alagar²,

Chozhan³

2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. In order to improve thermo mechanical properties of cured epoxy resin, hydroxyl terminated polyethersulfone (PES) and N,N′-bismaleimido-4,4′-diphenyl methane (BMI) were incorporated to diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) type epoxy resin and cured with diaminiodiphenylmethane (DDM). The resulting hybrid matrices, in the form of castings, were characterized for their mechanical properties like tensile, flexural and impact strength. Differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis of the matrices were also performed to determine the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the matrix systems. The results obtained from mechanical and thermal studies indicated that the incorporation of polyethersulfone into epoxy resin improved the toughness and thermal stability of the systems. This is attributed to the formation of interpenetration polymer networks (IPNs) composed of the epoxy network and the linear PES. The incorporation of BMI into polyethersulfone modified epoxy systems increased thermal stability, glass transition temperature, tensile and flexural properties and decreased the impact strength. Scanning electron microscopy studies of polyethersulfone modified epoxy and BMI incorporated polyethersulfone modified epoxy systems exhibit homogeneous morphology confirming efficient chemical interaction and formation of intercrosslinked network structure.Keywords : polymer composites, thermal properties, mechanical properties, morphology, moisture absorption eXPRESS Polymer Letters Vol.2, No.5 (2008) [339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347][348] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.40 homogeneous hybrid thermoplastic modified epoxy with low fractions of thermoplastics [18]. It is reported that the incorporation of high performance thermoplastics into a thermoset resin system leads to significant improvements in mechanical properties [9,[19][20][21][22] [28][29][30][31][32]. Bismaleimides posses high crosslinking ability, high glass-transition temperature, high thermal ability, high char yield, excellent fire resistance, superior specific strength and specific modulus, and low water absorption. In continuation of our earlier studies, an attempt has been made in the present investigation to improve both toughness and thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy resin by incorporating hydroxyl terminated polyethersulfone (PES) and N,N′-bismaleimido-4,4′-diphenyl methane(BMI). Materials and methodsEpoxy resin [diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)] LY556 (epoxy equivalent 189 and viscosity 10 000 cP) and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) were obtained from Ciba-Geigy (India). N,N′-bismaleimido-4,4′-diphenyl methane was synthesized in our laboratory as per the reported procedure ( Figure 1) [33]. Hydroxyl terminated polyethersulfone was supplied by Jilin University, China was used as received. The chemical structures of materials used are presented in Figure 2.340 Rajasekaran et al. -eXPRESS Polymer Let...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polyethersulfone and N,N’-bismaleimido-4,4’-diphenyl methane on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy systems

Rajasekaran¹,

Alagar²,

Chozhan³

2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…However, PES-B-3, PES-B-4, PES-B-5 showed well-defined diffraction peaks at about 14. 8 and 28.0 , corresponding to the most intense of known reflections of B(OH) 3 crystals respectively. [25][26][27] Their crystallographic properties can be attributed to the incorporation of unreacted boric acid.…”

Section: Morphology Of Boric Acid-modified Poly(aryl Ether Sulfone) Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of novel boric acid modified poly(aryl ether sulfone) membranes

Wang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this article, boric acid-modified poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PES-B) membranes were prepared by solution blending, solution casting, evaporation, and programmed temperature curing method for the first time. The chemical modification of poly(aryl ether sulfone) was accomplished by the curing of poly(aryl ether sulfone) with pendent phenyl hydroxide (PES-OH) under the function of boric acid. The reaction mechanisms and the effects of boric acid content were thoroughly investigated. Processing conditions and structures of PES-B were determined by FT-IR spectra. It has been found that the B(OH) 3 /PES composite membranes were completely cured after treatment at 300 C for 4 h. When boric acid content was over 4.7%, PES-B membranes presented phase separation and full cross-linking structures. DSC measurements demonstrated that the addition of boric acid had influenced the glass transition temperature of PES-B, which provided the proof of the appearance of cross-linking network structure. TGA results confirmed that the thermal stability of the prepared PES-B composites was improved. Furthermore, the cross-linked composite membranes exhibited excellent mechanical property and solvent resistance.

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“…This process is so called cure reaction induced phase separation (CIPS) (Inoue 1995). CIPS provides an ingenious approach to realize controllable multi-scale phase morphology from nano-, micro to macroscales (Hedrick et al, 1985;Ritzenthaler, et al, 2002a;2003b), especially, the bi-continuous and/or phase inverted morphologies generated via spinodal decomposition may create some favorable structures which are critical in toughing the TS matrices (Cho,1993;GirardReydet et al, 1997;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Thermoplastic/Thermosetting Composites Microstructure and Processing Design Based on Phase Separation

Xu¹,

Zhang²

2012

Thermoplastic - Composite Materials

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Chemical modification of matrix Resin networks with engineering thermoplastics

Cited by 236 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of polyethersulfone and N,N’-bismaleimido-4,4’-diphenyl methane on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy systems

Effect of polyethersulfone and N,N’-bismaleimido-4,4’-diphenyl methane on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy systems

Preparation and properties of novel boric acid modified poly(aryl ether sulfone) membranes

High Performance Thermoplastic/Thermosetting Composites Microstructure and Processing Design Based on Phase Separation

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