Chemical Measurements by Electrical Parameters to Control the Composition of Multicomponent Liquids

Abstract

The authors substantiated the relevance of scientific studies of the electrical properties of multicomponent liquids. Such liquids are real objects that require stock control during operation. This applies to many areas of human activity: environmental monitoring, the chemical and food industries, medicine, and the like. Laboratory methods are unable to meet the following requirements. The electrical properties of substances, including liquids, have been well studied by scientists. In addition, the high level of modern experimental technology allows to combine theoretical and practical achievements, in this case chemical and physical-electrical sciences. In the theoretical provisions regarding the electrical methods for the study of the composition of liquids, the authors, based on the classical knowledge of dielectric conductivity physics, argue for their use for applied chemical measurements. After all, physico-chemical electrical measurements have long been used for the study of two-component standard solutions. The authors propose to improve such measurements and use them for multicomponent liquids. At the same time, it is proposed to use the developed primary converters and a new informative parameter - complex conductivity components (admittance). On the basis of the obtained experimental results, the research conditions are formulated. The measuring system consists of a primary capacitive transducer (carbon electrodes in vessels with the test liquid); multi-frequency current generator (RLC meter) and computer. The dependences of the values of the complex components of conductivity on the frequency of the electromagnetic field between the electrodes for liquids with dissolved substances of different chemical nature and concentrations were investigated. Some individual properties have been established for such substances, which allow to develop methods and methods of operational control of the composition of multicomponent liquids by electrical parameters. The article discusses the scientific and practical results of research and the advantages of the developed methods and methods of composition control for real liquids. Also, some of the scientific facts obtained allow to further develop and develop methods of electro-chemical research with a wider range of constituents, for low concentrations and without complex laboratory manipulations.