Chemical Immersion Coatings to Improve Biological Degradability of Magnesium Substrates for Potential Orthopaedic Applications

Abstract

Historically, cobalt-chromium, stainless steel and titanium alloys have been the main principal materials used in a variety of medical procedures for load-bearing implants in the body. Magnesium and magnesium-based alloys have the potential to be used as short-term structural support during the healing process of damaged hard tissues and diseased bone. Unlike traditional biologically compatible metals, which are not biologically degradable, magnesium based alloys offer both biological degradability and biological absorbability. Despite the many advantages offered by magnesium, its rapid degradation rate in the highly aggressive and corrosive body fluid environment has severely limited its present day medical application. This article reviews the chemical immersion technique for producing calcium phosphate coatings on magnesium substrates for slowing down the degradation rate while maintaining the biological compatibility and absorbability.

Periodic-Mechanical-Stimulus Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Fe3O4/Mineralized Collagen Coatings

“…The interaction of metal implant surfaces with the host directly affects the quality and healing effect of osseointegration; − biofunctional coatings or surface modifications are usually required to accelerate osteogenic differentiation and achieve high-quality osseointegration. − For example, nanohydroxyapatite coatings on biodegradable magnesium for orthopedic applications obviously promoted the adhesion of bone cells and reduced the corrosion rate of Mg implants . Coatings with an aligned nanofibrous microenvironment (2D-ACNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) could promote hMSCs to contact each other, enhancing cellular proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. , Further, the mechanically stimulating coating, which has good space–time controllability, has gradually become a research hotspot.…”

Optimization of multiple responses using overlaid contour plot and steepest methods analysis on hydroxyapatite coated magnesium via cold spray deposition

“…The use of HAP coatings has a number of advantages besides improving the corrosion resistance of Mg and Mg Alloys in the physiological environment. HAP is a major inorganic component found in natural bone tissues, therefore using HAP as a biological coating on Mg offers a number of attractive properties [4]. A lack of cytotoxic effects makes HAP biocompatible with hard tissues, skin, and muscle tissues.…”