Chemical imaging with Laser Ablation – Spark Discharge – Optical Emission Spectroscopy (LA-SD-OES) and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

Review of Element Analysis of Industrial Materials by In-Line Laser—Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

“…A secondary excitation of the laser-induced plasma can enhance the optical signals, homogenize the plasma [55] and improve the detection sensitivity. Techniques employed for secondary excitation in LIBS include double laser pulses [56][57][58][59][60][61], electric spark discharges [62][63][64][65], and radiofrequency [47,66,67], and microwave [68][69][70] radiation.…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

“…Grunberger et al reported a LA-spark discharge-Optical Emission Spectroscopy method for the analysis of several sample types including human finger prints, mesoscopic layered samples and micro-patterned polymers. 95 In addition, certified materials such as aluminium, titanium, titanium alloys, molybdenum and tungsten were also analysed. A schematic diagram was provided in the paper, but essentially a Nd:YAG laser and a spark from a tungsten electrode placed 1–5 mm above the sample were used to initiate a plasma from which emitted light was transmitted through a fibre optic to either a Czerny–Tuner or an echelle spectrometer.…”