Chemical factors affecting the brown-rot decay resistance of Scots pine heartwood

Harju, Anni; Venäläinen, Martti; Anttonen, S.; Viitanen, Hannu; Kainulainen, Pirjo; Saranpää, Pekka; Vapaavuori, E.

doi:10.1007/s00468-002-0233-z

Cited by 76 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We did not find correlation between lignin content and durability of spruce wood. This is in agreement with the previous study of Harju et al [34] where juvenile heartwood of 34-years-old Scots pine did not show any significant difference in the concentration of lignin between the decay resistant and susceptible trees. The authors assume that the concentration of total phenolics, acetone-soluble extractives and pinosylvin affected decay resistance of pine heartwood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Genetic variation of Norway spruce clones regarding their natural durability, physical and chemical properties

Irbe¹,

Noldt²,

Grinfelds³

et al. 2012

ABB

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Genetic variation of ten Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones regarding their decay resistance against brown rot fungi, as well as physical and chemical properties of clones were investigated. 31- year-old spruce clones: 26, 31, A10, A15, A7, B10, B15, B6, V7, V9 were selected across Latvia. The stem diameters of spruce clones varied between 13.0 and 20.9 cm. The wood density of clones ranged from 361 to 443 kg/m3. Klason lignin content, depending on the clone, was between 27.0%-28.9%. Cellular UV microspectrophotometry of the non-infected tracheids displayed the typical lignin distribution with highest absorbance values in the cell corners (abs280 nm 0.80) and compound middle lamellae (abs280 nm 0.48), while secondary wall showed lower lignin absorbance values (abs280 nm0.29 - 0.35). The deposition of phenolic extractives in ray parenchyma and epithelial cells of resin canals were emphasized by a significantly higher UV-absorbance (abs280 nm 0.68 to 0.78) when compared to the cell wall associated lignin. The content of acetone-soluble extractives of spruce clones varied between 1.1% - 1.8%. The x-value (natural durability) for all spruce clones after exposure to C. puteana and P. placentawas >0.90 (durability class 5, not durable). Most of clones after degradation by G. trabeum had x-value > 0.90 with exception of clones B15 and V9 that showed x-value ≤ 0.90 (durability class 4, slightly durable). Natural durability of spruce clones did not correlate with stem diameter, density, content of lignin and extractives

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Genetic variation of Norway spruce clones regarding their natural durability, physical and chemical properties

Irbe¹,

Noldt²,

Grinfelds³

et al. 2012

ABB

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“…These extracts include compounds that naturally protect wood from biological degradation (Toshiaki, 2001;Windeisen, Wegener, Lesnino, & Schumacher, 2002). There are many studies on this subject, and high of phenolic contents have been demonstrated to be effective in protection especially against brown rot fungi that destroy wood (Harju et al, 2003;Martínez-Inigo, Immerzeel, Gutierrez, Río, & Sierra-Alvarez, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of wood‐decay fungi and assessment of damage in log depots of Western Black Sea Region (Turkey)

2019

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The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the wood‐decay fungi found on logs of forest tree species (beech, oak, hornbeam, Scots pine and fir) stored in log depots located in six different provinces in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Additionally, it was aimed to determine the natural durability of some important wood species against the most commonly detected wood‐decay fungi. Eighteen families, 31 genera and 45 species belonging to the division Basidiomycota were detected; Antrodia crassa was identified for the first time in Turkey. The abundance of Panus neostrigosus, Polyporus meridionalis, Trametes hirsuta, T. versicolor and Stereum hirsutumincreased significantly with the holding time of the logs (r = 0.99, 0.87, 0.53, 0.57 and 0.78, respectively, p < 0.05). The majority of the fungal species were detected on logs stored in depots for 4–6 years (66%). The percentage of fungal species found on the logs with a holding time of three years or less was 29%, whereas the percentage for those detected on logs stored for seven or more years was 31%. Among the wood species, the greatest number of fungal species (29) and highest amount of fungi (2,539) occurred on beech wood. Natural durability tests showed that T. versicolor caused the greatest loss of wood mass, with an average of 23%. Field studies and natural durability tests performed in the laboratory showed that beech wood lost the most mass among the timber species studied.

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“…There is a great variability in the yields of secondary phenolic metabolites between tree species, between parts of the trees, and even between individuals of different ages and botanical region (provenance) (Kähkönen et al 1999;Harju et al 2003;Willför et al 2003a, b, c;Venäläinen et al 2004;Hovelstad et al 2006;Välimaa et al 2007;Karppanen et al 2008;Sirén et al 2014). The total phenolic concentrations of 76.0, 17.5, and 1.1 mg/g in gallic acid equivalents for dried bark, needles and heartwood, respectively (Kähkönen et al 1999), and 6.7-13.6 mg/g in tannic acid equivalents for wood (Venäläinen et al 2004) of Scots pine (P. sylvestris) have been reported.…”

Section: Metabolites In Parts Of Treesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenolic extracts of Scots pine (P. sylvestris) and Norway spruce (P. abies) have been reported to exhibit antioxidative (Kähkönen et al 1999;Willför et al 2003a;Pietarinen et al 2006), antifungal (Harju et al 2003;Venäläinen et al 2004), and antibacterial activity (Välimaa et al 2007;Lindberg et al 2004;Rauha et al 2000;Vainio-Kaila et al 2017). A phloem extract (Rauha et al 2000) and a knotwood extract from Scots pine (P. sylvestris) (Berg 2014; Lindberg et al 2004) as well as a needle extract from Pinus massoniana (Feng et al 2010) have been shown to inhibit growth of several microorganisms, including bacteria and yeast.…”

Section: Phenolic Extractivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current understanding on the biosynthesis, distribution, and localization of stilbenes is still fragmentary. However, the metabolites have similar multiple biological activities as those in pine, such as protection against environmental stresses, as well as antifungal and antimicrobial functions (Harju et al 2003;Willför et al 2003a, b, c).…”

Section: Stilbenes In Norway Spruce (P Abies) and Their Antibacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive phenolic compounds, metabolism and properties: a review on valuable chemical compounds in Scots pine and Norway spruce

2019

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Phenolics and extracted phenolic compounds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) show antibacterial activity against several bacteria. The majority of phenolic compounds are stilbenes, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, and lignans that are biosynthesized in the wood through the phenylpropanoid pathway. In Scots pine (P. sylvestris), the most abundant phenolic and antibacterial compounds are pinosylvin-type stilbenes and flavonol-and dihydroflavonol-type flavonoids, such as kaempferol, quercetin, and taxifolin and their derivatives. In Norway spruce (P. abies) on the other hand, the main stilbene is resveratrol and the major flavonoids are quercetin and myricetin. In general, when the results from the literature regarding the activities of flavonoid glycosides and their aglycones against a total of twenty-one microorganisms are summarized, it was found that phenolic glycosides are less active than the corresponding aglycones, although a number of exceptions are also known. The aglycones in plants respond to various kinds of biotic stress. Synergistic effects between aglycones and their glycosides have been observed. Minimum inhibition concentrations of below 10 mg L-1 against bacteria have been reported for gallic acid, apigenin, and several methylated and acylated flavonols present in these industrially important trees. In general, the phenolic compounds are more active against Gram-positive bacteria, but apigenin is reported to exhibit strong activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The present review lists some of the biosynthesis pathways for the antibacterial phenolic metabolites found in Scots pine (P. sylvestris) and Norway spruce (P. abies). The antimicrobial activity of the compounds is collected and compared to gather information about the most effective secondary metabolites.

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Chemical factors affecting the brown-rot decay resistance of Scots pine heartwood

Cited by 76 publications

References 22 publications

Genetic variation of Norway spruce clones regarding their natural durability, physical and chemical properties

Genetic variation of Norway spruce clones regarding their natural durability, physical and chemical properties

Identification of wood‐decay fungi and assessment of damage in log depots of Western Black Sea Region (Turkey)

Bioactive phenolic compounds, metabolism and properties: a review on valuable chemical compounds in Scots pine and Norway spruce

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