Chemical enhanced oil recovery

Sun, Xindi; Bai, Baojun

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823363-4.00003-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…This front, developed by considerably viscous polymer fluids, redirects the flow of injected liquids from high-permeability areas to low-permeability regions that were previously bypassed or unswept. The polymer flooding EOR method ensures the mobilization of remaining oil after primary and secondary extraction by effectively reducing the mobility contrast between the injection liquid and hydrocarbons [ 5 ]. Polymer flooding has demonstrated success in various oil fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective displacement of these small drops through the rock enhances oil flow. While bigger droplets may lead to pore blockage and trapping, driving the surfactant formulation to bypassed areas enhances the volumetric sweep efficiency [ 5 ]. These mechanisms collectively lead to increased oil production and improved oil displacement within the formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining Thermal Effect and Mobility Control Mechanism to Reduce Water Cut in a Sandstone Reservoir in Kazakhstan

Sagandykova,

Shakeel,

Pourafshary

2024

Polymers

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The application of polymer flooding is currently under investigation to control water cut and recover residual oil from a giant sandstone reservoir in Kazakhstan, where the water cut in most producers exceeds 90%, leaving substantial untouched oil in the porous media. The primary objective of this research is to explore the feasibility of a novel approach that combines the mechanisms of mobility control by polymer injection and the thermal effects, such as oil viscosity reduction, by utilizing hot water to prepare the polymer solution. This innovative hybrid method’s impact on parameters like oil recovery, resistance factor, and mobility was measured and analyzed. The research involved an oil displacement study conducted by injecting a hot polymer at a temperature of 85 °C, which is higher than the reservoir temperature. Incremental recovery achieved through hot polymer injection was then compared to the recovery by conventional polymer flooding and the conventional surfactant–polymer-enhanced oil recovery techniques. The governing mechanisms behind recovery, including reductions in oil viscosity, alterations in polymer rheology, and effective mobility control, were systematically studied to comprehend the influence of this proposed approach on sweep efficiency. Given the substantial volume of residual oil within the studied reservoir, the primary objective is to improve the sweep efficiency as much as possible. Conventional polymer flooding demonstrated a moderate incremental oil recovery rate of approximately 48%. However, with the implementation of the new hybrid method, the recovery rate increased to more than 52%, reflecting a 4% improvement. Despite the polymer’s lower viscosity during hot polymer flooding, which was observed by the lower pressure drop in contrast to the conventional polymer flooding scenario, the recovery factor was higher. This discrepancy indicates that while polymer viscosity decreases, the activation of other oil displacement mechanisms contributes to higher oil production. Applying hybrid enhanced oil recovery mechanisms presents an opportunity to reduce project costs. For instance, achieving comparable results with lower chemical concentrations is of practical significance. The potential impact of this work on enhancing the profitability of chemically enhanced oil recovery within the sandstone reservoir under study is critical.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Thermal Effect and Mobility Control Mechanism to Reduce Water Cut in a Sandstone Reservoir in Kazakhstan

Sagandykova,

Shakeel,

Pourafshary

2024

Polymers

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Development of a simple and efficient oil-soluble nanocatalytic system for aquathermolysis upgrading of heavy crude oil

Kholmurodov

Tajik

Farhadian

et al. 2023

Fuel

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Screening, Design, and Application of Chemical EOR to Control High Water-Cut and Reduce Residual Oil in a Complex Sandstone Oilfield in Kazakhstan

Shakeel,

Yerniyazov,

Yesmukhambet

et al. 2024

Day 1 Tue, May 07, 2024

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This paper presents the results acquired during first laboratory-scale chemical flooding evaluation for a giant waterflooded oilfield in Kazakhstan. A carefully-designed chemical flood recipe involves the injection of a mixture of surfactant and alkali/nanoparticles followed by polymer to reduce oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) by surfactant, minimize surfactant and polymer adsorption by alkali or nanoparticles (NPs), and provide mobility control by polymer. Collectively, such an efficient design yields considerable improvement in residual oil mobilization and recovery. Field A in Kazakhstan, one of the oldest fields in the country, has been waterflooded for decades. Currently, the water cut of the field is more than 90%, with a high residual oil saturation. For the targeted reservoir conditions, four hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) based polymers and around 10 different surfactant formulations were tested. Alkali and nanoparticles were then assessed for chemical adsorption control for the most optimum polymer and surfactant. The evaluation was done at reservoir temperature of 63 °C and Caspian seawater of 13000 ppm salinity was used as the makeup brine for all the formulations. The performance of the screened chemicals in the porous media was analyzed by a series of coreflood experiments on the reservoir cores. The critical parameters such as chemical adsorption, IFT, mobility ratio, resistance factor, and oil recovery were obtained and compared to select the best chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) scheme. During screening phase of the study, one of the polymers, ASP3, displayed pronounced resistance against bacterial attack under reservoir conditions. Adsorption for the same polymer was also 13-14% less compared to its counterparts. Optimum surfactant was selected based on the generation of Winsor Type III microemulsion and a minimum IFT of 0.2 mN/m. The adsorption study indicated a 9-21% reduction in surfactant adsorption by alkali. In the case of polymer, NPs demonstrated better performance and caused an 18% decrease in polymer adsorption whereas alkali showed negligible effect. Corefloods were performed for various combinations of screened chemicals. In comparison with NPs-surfactant-polymer (NSP) design, surfactant-polymer (SP) and alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) schemes recovered more residual oil by effectively generating and producing microemulsion. However, ASP design outperformed the rest by recovering 96% of the remaining oil, which translated to 11% higher recovery compared to polymer flooding and 13% more oil compared to NSP flooding. This screening and design study demonstrates that the selection of chemicals for EOR strictly depends on the oil, formation and injection water, and reservoir rock interactions. Our study proved that appropriate design of chemical EOR constituents can yield favorable results in high salinity challenging formations that contain waxy oils with high paraffin content.

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Chemical enhanced oil recovery

Cited by 3 publications

References 157 publications

Combining Thermal Effect and Mobility Control Mechanism to Reduce Water Cut in a Sandstone Reservoir in Kazakhstan

Combining Thermal Effect and Mobility Control Mechanism to Reduce Water Cut in a Sandstone Reservoir in Kazakhstan

Development of a simple and efficient oil-soluble nanocatalytic system for aquathermolysis upgrading of heavy crude oil

Screening, Design, and Application of Chemical EOR to Control High Water-Cut and Reduce Residual Oil in a Complex Sandstone Oilfield in Kazakhstan

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