Chemical Elements in Soils Under Cattle Pens

Dantzman, C. L.; Richter, Michal; Martin, F. G.

doi:10.2134/jeq1983.00472425001200020002x

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Major ions in manure include N, K, Ca, Cl, P, Mg, and Na (American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2000). Dantzman et al (1983) found that Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , soluble salts, and Fe 2+ all increased in the top 1.5 m of the soil after feedlot pens had been in place for 15 yr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Changes in Ground Water Quality in an Irrigated Area of Southern Alberta

2004

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Few studies have documented spatial and temporal variations in ground water quality in areas with high densities of animal farming operations (AFOs), or the long-term effects on surface-water quality. Changes in ground water quality were characterized in an irrigated area with a high density of AFOs in southern Alberta, Canada to evaluate the effect on ground water quality of manure application to fields. Fifty-five piezometers in the oxidized zone were sampled once or twice annually from 1995 to 2001, and temporal changes were analyzed using mixed model analysis. Average NO3- -N increased significantly from 12.5 to 17.4 mg L(-1) and average Cl- increased significantly from 19.4 to 34.4 mg L(-1) in piezometers installed in an unconfined sand aquifer at locations receiving fertilizer and manure. Compared with these manured locations, nitrate and chloride concentrations were significantly lower in shallow aquifer water in areas of pasture or native range, and concentrations did not change significantly with time. Nitrate and chloride concentrations in shallow ground water in fine-textured manured locations did not change significantly. Ground water below about 6 m in till and fine lacustrine sediments contains 18O signatures indicative of recharge under preirrigation or glacially influenced conditions, suggesting this ground water has a low vulnerability to agricultural contamination. Evaluations suggest that shallow ground water discharge will cause NO3- -N and Cl- in the Oldman River to increase by factors of at least 4.3 and 1.3, respectively, with more significant effects in smaller streams and under low-flow conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Changes in Ground Water Quality in an Irrigated Area of Southern Alberta

2004

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“…Studies of physical and chemical properties of feedlot pen soils with a focus on leaching have been conducted on single feedlots located on moderately coarse–textured (MC) (very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam) and coarse‐textured (loamy sand, sand) soils (Campbell and Racz, 1975; Dantzman et al, 1983; Southcott and Lott, 1997; McCullough et al, 2001). Most of these studies reported little evidence for leaching below feedlot pens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Properties of Feedlot Pen Surfaces Located on Moderately Coarse– and Moderately Fine–Textured Soils in Southern Alberta

et al. 2008

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Southern Alberta has the highest density of feedlot cattle in Canada, and there is a concern that leaching of water and contaminants may be greater for feedlots located on coarser-textured than finer-textured soils. Our objective was to determine if infiltration and leaching were greater for a 4-yr-old feedlot located on a moderately coarse-textured (MC) soil compared with two feedlots located on moderately fine-textured (MF) soils (5- and 52-yr-old pens). Various soil physical properties of feedlot pen surfaces were measured, including field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K(fs)) and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity at -0.9 and -3.9 cm water potential. Selected chemical properties of feedlot soil layers were measured, as well as the chloride content of the soil profile (0-100 cm). Mean K(fs), K(-0.9), and K(-3.9) values were not significantly (P > 0.10) greater at the MC site than the two MF sites, indicating no evidence of greater infiltration on coarser-textured soils. In addition, mean K(fs), K(-0.9), and K(-3.9) values of soils within feedlot pens at all three sites were significantly (P < or = 0.10) reduced by 46 to 78% compared with soil outside the pens. Depth of chloride accumulation was greatest at the 52-yr-old feedlot on MF soil (60-70 cm), followed by 4-yr-old feedlot on MC soil (40-50 cm) and 5-yr-old feedlot on MF soil (30-40 cm). Visual inspection determined that the black interface layer formed within 2 mo of cattle stocking at all three sites.

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“…The containers were left in the incubator for 18 weeks (126 days), i.e. the average maximum clean-out period for manure on pens in Queensland (Skerman 2004) and representative of typical clean-out periods for pens in the USA (Dantzman et al 1983). The experiment represents a decay simulation for pendeposited manure with the aim to estimate the impact of decay on manure C and Si concentrations.…”

Section: Fresh Manure Decay Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No practical methods exist for quantifying base material/manure mixing on pen surfaces. Uncertainty regarding the extent of base material mixing with manure causes mass balance problems in fields such as nutrient and carbon (C) budgeting (Dantzman et al 1983;Eghball et al 1997), and greenhouse gas emission measurement where emissions from pad manure are often reported on a manure weight basis without necessarily accounting for the amount of soil/rock mixed in with it (Hao et al 2001;Pattey et al 2005). Indeed, the need for quantifying base material mixing with manure on feedlots has arisen in studies examining in situ soil profiles in feedlot pens (Mielke et al 1974;Dantzman et al 1983;Berry and Miller 2005;García et al 2012) as well as investigations into characterising manure hauled from feedlot pens (Larney et al 2000;Rogge et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A promising and simple method to quantify soil/manure mixing on beef feedlot pens

Pratt¹,

Redding²,

Hill³

2016

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. On beef cattle feed pen surfaces, fresh and decayed manure is mixed with base rock or soil (base). Quantifying this mixing has beneficial applications for aspects including nutrient and greenhouse gas budgeting. However, no practical methods exist to quantify mixing. We investigated if measuring element concentrations in: (A) fresh manure, (B) base material, and (C) pen manure offers a promising method to quantify manure/base mixing on pen surfaces. Using three operational beef feedlots as study sites, we targeted carbon (C), and silicon (Si), which are the two most abundant and easily measurable organic and inorganic elements. Our results revealed that C concentrations were strongly (>15 times) and significantly (P < 0.05) higher whereas Si concentrations strongly (>10 times) and significantly (P < 0.01) lower in fresh manure than base material at all three sites. These relative concentrations were not significantly impacted by manure decay, as determined by an 18-week incubation experiment. This suggested that both of these elements are suitable markers for quantifying base/manure mixing on pens. However, due to the chemical change of manure during decay, C was shown to be an imprecise marker of base/manure mixing. By contrast, using Si to estimate base/manure mixing was largely unaffected by manure decay. These findings were confirmed by measuring C and Si concentrations in stockpiled pen surface manure from one of the sites. Using Si concentrations is a promising approach to quantify base/manure mixing on feed pens given that this element is abundantly concentrated in soils and rocks.

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Chemical Elements in Soils Under Cattle Pens

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Ground Water Quality in an Irrigated Area of Southern Alberta

Changes in Ground Water Quality in an Irrigated Area of Southern Alberta

Physical and Chemical Properties of Feedlot Pen Surfaces Located on Moderately Coarse– and Moderately Fine–Textured Soils in Southern Alberta

A promising and simple method to quantify soil/manure mixing on beef feedlot pens

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