Chemical Effects of CO₂ and H₂O Addition on Aromatic Species in Ethanol/Air Diffusion Flame

Propagation Characteristics of Stoichiometric Inert-Diluted Methane–N2O Flames

“…The kinetic modeling of fuel–air flames in the presence of CO 2 (fuels: H 2 , CH 4 , and C 2 H 4 ), performed by Liu et al, , could segregate the chemical impact of CO 2 addition from its physical effects when CO 2 was replaced by a fictitious species FCO 2 , which has the same thermochemical and transport characteristics as CO 2 but does not participate in any chemical reaction. Later, such a procedure was used in the kinetic modeling of many other flames. − These studies have shown that compared to the chemical effect, the thermal effect plays a more important role in the laminar burning velocity reduction of CO 2 -diluted flames than N 2 -diluted flames.…”

Structural effects of C3 oxygenated fuels on soot formation in ethylene coflow diffusion flames

“…For example, the DMC flames show lower maximum centre-line soot volume fractions and the DMC5 flame shows a smaller maximum centre-line average particle size than the corresponding DMM flames. The observed differences between the synergistic effect in soot formation of DMC5 flame and DMM5 flame can be attributed to the coupled effect of thermal effect and chemical effect [114][115][116]. For the temperature effect, it is evident from the Region A in Figure 3.…”

“…The chemical effect that resulted in the differences between the DMC5 and DMM5 flames is via a reduction in the H-abstraction-C 2 H 2 -addition (HACA) growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [88,118,119]. This may occur through increased consumption of hydrogen radicals by carbon dioxide from DMC decomposition in CO 2 + H CO + OH reactions [115,116].…”