Chemical Disinfection of Hospital Woollen Blankets in Laundering

Dickinson, J. C.; Wagg, R. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1966.tb03484.x

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“…Formaldehyde a t 0.375% w/v was even more effective, whether it was used in the last rinse or in the penultimate rinse ( Table 2). Covered drop tests (Dickinson et al, 1962) showed no significant evidence of inhibition of growth on the plates by the residual formaldehyde.…”

Section: Disinfection In Launderingmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The Standard Washing Process described previously (Dickinson et al, 1962) was used as a typical laundering procedure. The disinfection process consisted simply of adding the formaldehyde to the penultimate or ultimate rinse extended t o 14 min.…”

Section: Disinfection In Launderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bacteriological methods for testing the disinfection in laundering were as described previously (Jerram, 1958;Dickinson et al, 1962) except that 2% (w/v) of sodium sulphite was added to the agar (Committee on Formaldehyde Disinfection, 1958). The test organisms were a Micrococcus sp., listed by the National Collection of Type Cultures as Staphylococcus bactis NCTC 7944, and Escherichia coli 631/59 kindly supplied by Dr. Joan Taylor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The squares were left at RH 44% for various times, separate vessels being used for the formaldehyde treated and normally laundered blanket squares. Residual viable bacterial counts were made by a method similar to that describedpreviously (Jerram, 1958;Dickinson et al, 1962), but in the tests on the blankets laundered with formaldehyde in the last rinse 2% (w/v) of sodium sulphite was added to the recovery medium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was necessary to determine whether any observed kill of the dry bacteria was an artifact due to formaldehyde extracted from the blanket during the final sampling procedure. Noninfected small squares of treated and untreated blankets were put separately through the normal extraction method (Jerram, 1958;Dickinson et al, 1962) of shaking with glass beads in three successive 5 ml quantities of physiological saline containing 5% of nutrient broth, followed by homogenization. A suspension of the micrococcus culture was added a t the beginning of the first stage and at the final (homogenization) stage of the extraction procedure.…”

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Use of Formaldehyde for the Disinfection of Hospital Woollen Blankets in Laundering

Dickinson

Wagg

1967

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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The value of formaldehyde in the penultimate or last laundering rinse is assessed, using a micrococcus and Eschem'chia coZi as the indicator organisms. Experiments demonstrating a residual disinfecting effect of dry formaldehyde treated blankets against the micrococcus are also described. PREVIOUS WORK (Dickinson, Wagg & Carter, 1962) showed the effectiveness of a long presoak in a 0.5% (w/v) solution of formaldehyde as a means of disinfecting woollen blankets in laundering. This process was too long for routine use and so a much shorter method was developed in which formaldehyde was put in the last rinse lasting for only 14 min.Alder (pers. comm.) showed that blankets treated with steam and formaldehyde in an autoclave at 90" under subatmospheric pressure may show residual disinfectant action in the dry condition. Moreover, Kingston & Noble (1964) have demonstrated the self disinfecting properties of various dry surfaces which slowly evolve formaldehyde. This suggested that the formaldehyde left on the blankets from the new laundering technique might similarly make them self disinfecting, and, indeed, results indicated this, a t least, a t 44% relative humidity (RH). The smell from blankets treated with formaldehyde in the last rinse was objectionable, particularly when the blankets were stored in a confined space, and to avoid this a modified technique with formaldehyde in the penultimate rinse was investigated.Although the residual effect against dry bacteria was less than it was when the formaldehyde was in the last rinse, it was still considerable. It seems likely that the modified technique will prove to be a reasonable compromise, as the smell of formaldehyde was greatly reduced. It is important to note that Alder (pers. comm.) found that the initial smell from his formaldehyde autoclaved blankets disappeared and yet still there was a residual bactericidal effect on stored blankets. Experimental Disinfection in launderingThe Standard Washing Process described previously (Dickinson et al., 1962) was used as a typical laundering procedure. The disinfection process consisted simply of adding the formaldehyde to the penultimate or ultimate rinse extended t o 14 min. After this, the blankets were hydro extracted and tumbler dried.

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Section: Disinfection In Launderingmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Disinfection In Launderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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