Chemical Contaminants in Raw and Pasteurized Human Milk

Hartle, Jennifer C.; Cohen, Ronald S.; Sakamoto, Pauline; Barr, Dana Boyd; Carmichael, Suzan L.

doi:10.1177/0890334418759308

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Loraine et al [ 18 ] reported DEHP concentrations in finished (treated) drinking water samples collected from California water treatment plants from 2001 to 2002. Hartle et al [ 19 ] analyzed 21 human milk samples from 2015 in California; samples below the LOD were input as . Unlike the other studies, three DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEOHP, and MEHHP) were measured in breastmilk as a proxy for DEHP [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hartle et al [ 19 ] analyzed 21 human milk samples from 2015 in California; samples below the LOD were input as . Unlike the other studies, three DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEOHP, and MEHHP) were measured in breastmilk as a proxy for DEHP [ 19 ]. DEHP concentration in breastmilk was estimated by summing these average metabolite levels [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the other studies, three DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEOHP, and MEHHP) were measured in breastmilk as a proxy for DEHP [ 19 ]. DEHP concentration in breastmilk was estimated by summing these average metabolite levels [ 19 ]. All food (dairy, meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, and grains) concentrations were extracted from Schecter et al [ 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ExpoKids: An R-based tool for characterizing aggregate chemical exposure during childhood

Dai

Euling

Phillips

et al. 2020

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Background Aggregate exposure, the combined exposures to a single chemical from all pathways, is a critical children’s health issue. Objective The primary objective is to develop a tool to illustrate potential differences in aggregate exposure at various childhood lifestages and the adult lifestage. Methods We developed ExpoKids (an R-based tool) using oral exposure estimates across lifestages generated by US EPA’s Exposure Factors Interactive Resource for Scenarios Tool (ExpoFIRST). Results ExpoKids is applied to illustrate aggregate oral exposure, for ten media, as average daily doses (ADD) and lifetime average daily doses (LADD) in five graphs organized across seven postnatal childhood lifestages and the adult lifestage. This data visualization tool conveys ExpoFIRST findings, from available exposure data, to highlight the relative contributions of media and lifestages to chemical exposure. To evaluate the effectiveness of ExpoKids, three chemical case examples (di[2-ethylhexyl] phthalate [DEHP], manganese, and endosulfan) were explored. Data available from the published literature and databases for each case example were used to explore research questions regarding media and lifestage contributions to aggregate exposure. Significance These illustrative case examples demonstrate ExpoKids’ versatile application to explore a diverse set of children’s health risk assessment and management questions by visually depicting specific media and lifestage contributions to aggregate exposure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ExpoKids: An R-based tool for characterizing aggregate chemical exposure during childhood

Dai

Euling

Phillips

et al. 2020

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Exposure to the organophosphate insecticide CPF in infants and children has been shown by the presence of CPF in human breast milk as well in children’s urine [ [80] , [81] , [82] , [83] , [84] ] and considered of concern. In addition, prenatal exposure to CPF has been demonstrated by the detection of CPF in umbilical cord blood [ 85 ], and of its metabolites, such as diethylphosphate (0.80–3.20 μg/g) and diethylthiophosphate (2.0–5.6 μg/g) in human postpartum meconium, the intestinal content of the foetus [ 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating biokinetics and in vitro studies to evaluate developmental neurotoxicity induced by chlorpyrifos in human iPSC-derived neural stem cells undergoing differentiation towards neuronal and glial cells

Consiglio

Pistollato

Gyves

et al. 2020

Reproductive Toxicology

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“…Level of 23 chemicals including the POPs, PCBs, PBDEs, DDT and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) isomers concentrations in 21 breast milk samples collected from a different unidentified mother were analyzed using GC-MS [67]. To interpret the impact of pasteurization on human milk chemical contaminants, raw and pasteurized samples of breast milk were analyzed separately.…”

Section: Lc-ms/ms and Gc-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods for the Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Milk

Sagiroglu

Tekkeli

Önal³

et al. 2020

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are used as flame retardants, are widely used additives so many different kind of materials that are consumed by public. Current researches reveal a significant increase in the levels of PBDEs in human biological fluids all around the world. According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), PBDEs are declarated as carcinogenic agents and additionally a considerable risks have been shown in animal studies such as liver damage, alteration of thyroid hormone levels, neurotoxicity and hazardous effects on development of fetus. Due to the simplicity of human exposure routes such as ingestion, inhalation or dermal contact, it gains high importance to quantify PBDEs in biological fluids. The exposure to PBDEs is critic aspecially during pregnancy, fetus development and infancy. Excretion of PBDEs in human milk is the focus area for researchers in recent years. In this study, we reviewed current methodologies for the determination of PBDEs in human milk including sample preparation step, analytical procedure, validation parameters and observed levels of PBDEs in human milk. Because of the high physico-chemical stability of PBDEs, they have long persistence in human body. Besides, they reside in the lipid fractions of tissues because of their hydrophobic characteristics. Human breast milk has high lipid level, so that it is a suitable matrix for the accumulation and determination of PBDEs.

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Chemical Contaminants in Raw and Pasteurized Human Milk

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

ExpoKids: An R-based tool for characterizing aggregate chemical exposure during childhood

ExpoKids: An R-based tool for characterizing aggregate chemical exposure during childhood

Integrating biokinetics and in vitro studies to evaluate developmental neurotoxicity induced by chlorpyrifos in human iPSC-derived neural stem cells undergoing differentiation towards neuronal and glial cells

Analytical Methods for the Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Milk

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