Chemical Constituents of Ajuga Lupulina and their Anti‐Ferroptosis Activity

Abstract

Five new compounds (1, 2, 7, 12, and 16), along with fifteen known ones, were isolated from Ajuga lupulina Maxim. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data (MS, NMR) analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by the experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Compound 16, with eight carbon atoms, was firstly isolated from the nature. All the isolates were assayed for their anti‐ferroptosis in RSL3‐induced HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. Among them, the abietane‐type diterpenoids (7‒11) significantly inhibited RSL3‐induced ferroptosis with EC50 values of 0.83 μM, 2.05 μM, 0.96 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.19 μM, respectively.