Chemical constituents, and pharmacological and toxicological effects of Cynomorium songaricum: An overview

Abstract

Purpose: To review the chemical constituents, and the pharmacological and toxicological effects of Cynomorium songaricum (C. songaricum) and explore its potentials for further development as an alternative medicine.Methods: A large number of research articles related to "Cynomorium songaricum " "pharmacological effects", "toxicological effects" and "chemical composition" in English and Chinese language were retrieved through an extensive literature review using various electronic databases including Medline (1966Medline ( -2017 and EMBASE (1980EMBASE ( -2017

Extract of Cynomorium songaricum ameliorates mitochondrial ultrastructure impairments and dysfunction in two different in vitro models of Alzheimer’s disease

“…Some Chinese medicine extracts have also been studied in this field, and they have shown promising effects for breakthrough treatments. Cynomorium songaricum Rupr ( C. songaricum ), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat sexual disorders, such as erectile dysfunction and menstrual problems [ 24 , 25 ]. Our previous studies have shown that extract of C. songaricum (ECS) has neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro.…”

Total flavonoids of Cynomorium songaricum attenuates cognitive defects in an Aβ1-42-induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model by activating BDNF/TrkB signaling transduction

“…C. songaricum is a Chinese herbal medicine commonly employed for the treatment of sexual disorders [8] by modifying the kidney, enriching essence and blood, and promoting bowel movement, and also has actions consistent with the TCM theory of the initiation of AD. For instance, the study by Cheng et al showed that extracts from C. songaricum can protect neurons against AD symptoms in vitro by ameliorating mitochondrial ultrastructure impairments and dysfunction [9].…”

Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent Activities and Skin Barrier Enhancement Effects of Cynomorium songaricum Extract

“…또 한 쇄양속(Cynomorium)은 식물임에도 불구하고 땅 속에서 자 라고 chlorophyll이 부족하여 외형적으로 버섯처럼 보인다고 하 여 Maltese mushroom으로도 불린다 (Atočka & Navrátilová, 2020). 전통적으로 면역 및 콩팥 기능 증강, 이질, 변비, 보양제 로 사용되어졌으며 (Zhang et al, 2005;Jin et al, 2014;Au et al, 2016), 현대에는 쇄양 추출물 내 tannin, triterpenoid, anthocyanin 등의 성분검출 (Cheng et al, 2017;Jin et al, 2020), 고지방식이 유발한 비만 쥐에서 쇄양 줄기 에탄올 추출물의 항비만 효과 (Chen et al, 2019), 초파리의 생명 연장 (Liu et al, 2012), 항피 로 (Yu et al, 2010), 자유라디컬 소거능, 항암 등의 효능이 보고 되고 있다 (Cui et al, 2013). songaricum methanol extract, CSM)을 획득하였다.…”