Chemical compositions and hypoglycemic activities of the protein and mucilage of Casimiroa edulis (Llave & Lex) seeds and fruits

Abstract

During the present study, chemical compositions of the protein and mucilage of seeds and fruits of Casimiroa edulis (Llave & Lex) as well as their hypoglycemic effects and other related biochemical parameters were studied for the first time. The protein content of C. edulis seeds was prepared with 4% (w/w) yield. The amino acid analyzer of protein hydrolysates led to the identification of 17 amino acids. Glutamic acid (10.25%) was considered the major amino acid. Moreover, the mucilage content of C. edulis fruits was prepared with 11% (w/w) yield. GLC analysis of mucilage hydrolysates revealed the identification of ten sugars represented (87.19%), with galacturonic acid (31.23%) as the main component. Significant hypoglycemic effects of protein and mucilage were recorded with respect to control and glibenclamide (standard drug). In addition, histopathological examination was performed, and the results showed that treatment with protein and mucilage remarkably improved Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, and Alkaline Phosphatase activities after streptozotocin induction with respect to control, also ameliorated the disturbances in Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, total protein & albumin, Glutathione levels, Catalase and lipid peroxidation activities. The prepared protein and mucilage exhibited properties that recommend them as natural supplements or in food industries for improving human being health.

Polysaccharides (pectin, mucilage, and fructan inulin) and their fermented products: A critical analysis of their biochemical, gut interactions, and biological functions as antidiabetic agents

“…The mucilage prepared from Casimiroa edulis seeds and fruits was obtained at a yield of 11% (w/w) (Ibrahim et al, 2019). The chemical analysis of the obtained mucilage revealed the identification of 10 sugars (87.19%), with galacturonic acid (31.23%) as the main component, followed by arabinose (13.57%), galactose (10.17%), glucuronic acid (9.74%), glucose (6.82%), sorbitol (6.04%), mannitol (1.67%), mannose (1.27%), and xylose (1.047%).…”

“…Thirdly, pectin stimulates Gal-3 translocation to the perinuclear membranes protecting mitochondrial integrity and suppressing apoptosis.Likewise, the amelioration of β-pancreatic cell dysfunction was also reported for other SDFs including mucilage. The cold extraction method of C. edulis fruits afforded 56 g mucilage (11.20% w/w)(Ibrahim et al, 2019), and screened for the antidiabetic effects in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. After 4 weeks of treatment, mucilage (500 mg/kg) decreased blood glucose level (107.37 mg/dL) by 60%, compared with diabetic control (273.80 mg/dL) and glibenclamide (107.15 mg/dL) as the standard drug.…”