Chemical composition, ruminal kinetic parameters, and nutrient digestibility of ammonia treated oat hulls

Abstract

. 2002. Chemical composition, ruminal kinetic parameters, and nutrient digestibility of ammonia treated oat hulls. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82: 103-109. A study was conducted to determine the effects of ammoniation (3 or 5% by dry weight) on the nutritive value of oat hulls. Ruminal nutrient kinetic parameters and degradability of untreated and ammoniated oat hulls were determined using two non-lactating cows fitted with rumen cannulas. Eighteen steers were used in a digestibility trial to determine nutrient utilization of three diets consisting of 100% barley silage, 50% untreated oat hulls plus 50% barley silage, and 50% ammoniated oat hulls plus 50% barley silage (DM basis). Ammoniation at both levels increased (P < 0.05) total N and reduced (P < 0.05) neutral detergent fibre levels of oat hulls. Most of the N added due to ammoniation was in the form of non-protein N. The results of the in situ trial showed that ammoniation at the 3% level increased the potentially degradable NDF and ADF fractions as well as their rates of degradation. Ammoniation at the 3% level improved (P < 0.05) effective ruminal degradability of NDF and ADF of oat hulls by 41 and 35%, respectively. Dry matter intake was highest (P < 0.05) for steers fed the ammoniated oat hull diets, intermediate for those fed the untreated oat hull diets and lowest (P < 0.05) for those fed the 100% barley silage diet. Steers fed the ammoniated oat hull diet had higher (P < 0.05) total tract digestibility of NDF and lignin relative to steers fed the untreated oat hull diet. However, total tract digestibility of dry matter was not affected by ammoniation. It was concluded that ammoniation is a viable method for improving the feeding value of oat hulls to ruminant animals. Relative to the 3% level, ammoniation at 5% resulted in a marginal improvement in the nutritive value of oat hulls. Anim. Sci. 82: 103-109. Les auteurs ont entrepris une étude afin de préciser les effets de l'addition d'ammoniac (3 ou 5 % du poids sec) sur la valeur nutritive de la bale d'avoine. Ils ont déterminé les paramètres cinétiques des éléments nutritifs dans le rumen et la dégradabilité de la bale non traitée et ammoniée grâce à deux vaches taries pourvues d'une canule au rumen. Les chercheurs ont aussi recouru à dix-huit bouvillons dans le cadre d'un essai de digestibilité visant à établir l'assimilation des élé-ments nutritifs de trois rations composées, la première, de 100 % d'ensilage d'orge, la deuxième, de 50 % de bale d'avoine non traitée et de 50 % d'ensilage d'orge, et la troisième, de 50 % de bale d'avoine ammoniée et de 50 % d'orge ensilée (selon la matière sèche). Aux deux concentrations, l'ammoniac augmente (P < 0,05) l'azote total et diminue (P < 0,05) la quantité de fibres au déter-gent neutre de la bale d'avoine. La majeure partie de l'azote ajouté par ammoniation n'est pas de nature protéique. L'essai in situ révèle que l'addition de 3 % d'ammoniac augmente la quantité de FDN et de FDA susceptible d'être dégradée et la rapidité de la dégradation. À la concentration de...

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