Abstract:Fasciolosis has been diagnosed in cattle, goats, sheep and horses in southern and southeastern Brazil. Effective alternative treatments are the targets of study. One promising alternative is the use of plant extracts. The aim of this study was to perform phytochemical analysis of extracts of Eugenia uniflora L., Harpagophytum procumbens, Psidium guajava L. and Stryphnodendron adstringens, and to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of these extracts on ovicidal activity in Fasciola hepatica. Plant extracts were anal… Show more
“…Miracidia maturation occurs within 12-16 days in eggs of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica regardless of the host species [16]. Several reports showed that the chemical composition of various plant extracts [19] could penetrate the eggshell and inhibit the egg hatching depending on the solubility in lipids [20]. Also, albendazole and triclabendazole ovicidal activity against F. hepatica eggs and the inhibitory effects of these compounds on the hatching process has been observed [21].…”
Successful development of free-living stages of parasitic helminths depends on larva ability to survive, develop, and hatch. In this study, we aimed to study the host role in the hatching process of Fasciola species. Methods: Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica eggs were collected from adult worms that originated from naturally infected sheep and cattle livers and were incubated at 26±1°C for 15 days. The percentage of hatched and developed eggs were obtained for each isolate under a light microscope. A polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to identify the F. hepatica and F. gigantica species. Results: Our findings showed no significant differences in the development rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica eggs in sheep (69.32% and 72.71%) and cattle (73.56% and74.69%). However, the rates of hatched eggs of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle (69.19% and 62.36%) were almost twice the rates in sheep (31.69% and 32.59%), indicating a significant difference.
Conclusion:This study demonstrated that host species significantly affect the hatching of Fasciola eggs as the hatching rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle were higher than those taken from sheep did not affect their larval development. Thus, in addition to environmental factors, the hatching phenomenon is influenced by host species.32. Hofmann AF, Hagey LR, Krasowski MD. Bile salts of vertebrates: structural variation and possible evolutionary significance.
“…Miracidia maturation occurs within 12-16 days in eggs of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica regardless of the host species [16]. Several reports showed that the chemical composition of various plant extracts [19] could penetrate the eggshell and inhibit the egg hatching depending on the solubility in lipids [20]. Also, albendazole and triclabendazole ovicidal activity against F. hepatica eggs and the inhibitory effects of these compounds on the hatching process has been observed [21].…”
Successful development of free-living stages of parasitic helminths depends on larva ability to survive, develop, and hatch. In this study, we aimed to study the host role in the hatching process of Fasciola species. Methods: Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica eggs were collected from adult worms that originated from naturally infected sheep and cattle livers and were incubated at 26±1°C for 15 days. The percentage of hatched and developed eggs were obtained for each isolate under a light microscope. A polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to identify the F. hepatica and F. gigantica species. Results: Our findings showed no significant differences in the development rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica eggs in sheep (69.32% and 72.71%) and cattle (73.56% and74.69%). However, the rates of hatched eggs of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle (69.19% and 62.36%) were almost twice the rates in sheep (31.69% and 32.59%), indicating a significant difference.
Conclusion:This study demonstrated that host species significantly affect the hatching of Fasciola eggs as the hatching rates of F. gigantica and F. hepatica originated from cattle were higher than those taken from sheep did not affect their larval development. Thus, in addition to environmental factors, the hatching phenomenon is influenced by host species.32. Hofmann AF, Hagey LR, Krasowski MD. Bile salts of vertebrates: structural variation and possible evolutionary significance.
“…Other plants possessing ovicidal activities in vitro to Fasciola eggs are E. uniflora L. H. procumbens, P. guajava L., S. adstringens and Z. officinale [25,26]. Almost all of the plants tested contain phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenes [26]. The significant results of this study may indicate further experiment necessary which is focus on lower concentrations and bioactive analysis of the ethanolic extract.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…Another study showed that embryonated F. gigantica eggs are more susceptible to ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaf than the non-embryonated eggs [17]. Other plants possessing ovicidal activities in vitro to Fasciola eggs are E. uniflora L. H. procumbens, P. guajava L., S. adstringens and Z. officinale [25,26]. Almost all of the plants tested contain phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenes [26].…”
The use of plants as natural anthelmintic is quite promising for parasite control. In this report, we evaluate the activity of Etlingera elatior to Fasciola gigantica eggs in vitro. The eggs were collected from naturally-infected bovine in the Ampel Abbatoir, Boyolali, Central Java. The eggs were exposed to E. elatior ethanolic extract in different concentrations i.e., 5%, 2.5% and 1.25%. Fluconix 340 in the equal concentrations was positive control of anthelmintic and distilled water served as negative treatment. The eggs were placed in the dark until 9 days and observed under the light microscope on days 5 and 9. The results showed that E. elatior in the concentration of 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% significantly inhibited the initial development of F. gigantica compared to the negative control (water) on days 5 and 9 treatments (P<0.05). The E. elatior effectively inhibits morulation and larva formation. Fluconix 340 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% were possessing higher ovicidal activities compared to E. elatior since day 5 of treatment. E. elatior showed effective inhibition to the initial development of F. gigantica egg in vitro.
“…In vitro tests have been carried out by various researchers around the world, seeking to support choices of drugs to be used routinely be breeders and contribute to the diagnosis of F. hepatica resistance. Some authors in Brazil have also carried out in vitro studies using plant extracts ( Marques et al, 2020 ), essential oils ( De Mello et al, 2023 ; Silva et al, 2020b ) and helminthophagous fungi ( Dias et al, 2013 ), seeking alternative forms to control F. hepatica adults or eggs.…”
This review aims to promote discussion about the situation of fasciolosis in ruminants in Brazil. The disease is still found more frequently in the South and Southeast regions, but reports outside these areas show the spread of the disease, including human cases. Many studies have been published on the diagnosis and control of fasciolosis, but development of field diagnosis methods and drugs that control all stages of the parasite is still a challenge. Studies should be carried out of new distribution areas and alternatives for control in Brazil, which depends on understanding the complex interactions between of the environment, ecosystems and hosts of this trematode.
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