Chemical Composition of Tissues of Syringa vulgaris L. and Soil Features in Abandoned Cemeteries

Abstract

Abandoned anthropogenic sites are transformed when they come into use. In the present study, such objects were abandoned Evangelical cemeteries located in the Land of the Great Mazurian Lakes (northern Poland). This study aims to compare the concentrations of selected major (Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Fe) and potentially toxic elements (Zn, Cd, Pb) in the roots, leaves, and branches of Syringa vulgaris and buried necrosols and unburied soils in which this species grows. The soils analysed differ in their profile structure; in the case of burial necrosols, anthropogenic layers are present, while Brunic Arenosol has a natural horizon arrangement. Regarding pH, the soils analysed are characterised in the weakly acidic (6.6–6.8) to alkaline (7.2–8.6) range, both in KCl and H2O. Total phosphorus has high values in the humus and anthropogenic horizons, especially at coffin sites (Rudówka Mała: layer of Ccoffin—759 mg∙kg−1; Szymonka—844 mg∙kg−1). Necrosols are characterised by a slightly higher variation in major element content than soils outside the burial area. The highest elemental content in Syringa vulgaris is accumulated in leaves and roots. Potassium (K) has the highest content in the studied tissues, and cadmium (Cd) is the lowest. The study showed no significant differences in heavy metal accumulation for plants directly associated with necrosols and soils formed outside of burials, which is confirmed by analyses of environmental indicators. The study showed that plant chemistry is more influenced by the soil substrate and soil-forming process than the soil anthropogenisation associated with burials. There was no significant effect of burials on the chemical composition of individual parts of Syringa vulgaris.

The Natural Consequences of Land Use Change on Transformation and Vegetation Development in the Upper Odra Floodplain

“…A return to conditions prior to regulation and human influence is an impossible ideal that those undertaking revitalization efforts are striving for, because the current state is the result of a whole range of human activities that have lasted for millennia [26,27]. The results relate to studies conducted in other regions of Poland indicating the impact of anthropopressure on species diversity resulting from the formation of habitat complexes [20,29,46]. In the regulated section of the Odra, an initial ecosystem was highly disturbed by meander cut offs and mining activity at the floodplain.…”

Compost of peanuts residue and rice straw compost on soil Nitrogen forms and upland rice yield

“…The release rate constant and correlation coefficient showed the best results, N (kN), and C/N ratio. The chemical composition of the plant residue, namely the concentration of N-organics, C-organics, C/N ratio, lignin, polyphenols, lignin/N ratio, polyphenol/N ratio, and (lignin + polyphenol)/N ratio, determines the rate of N mineralization (Kaleeem Abbasi et al, 2015;Rahmonov et al, 2023).…”

“…A significant difference was detected in the amount of N minerals released in the various compositions of peanut and straw residue mixtures. Based on the results of using wheat straw with two types of moisture content (dry and wet), Rahmonov et al (2023) showed that the morphology of plant tissue (small diameter of the stem and the thickness of the thin wall of the stem) determines the differences in the structure of organic matter's/rice straw composition (total C, total N, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) and ultimately determines the amount of decomposition under the same environmental conditions, namely moisture content.…”

Plant Species Turnover on Forest Gaps after Natural Disturbances in the Dinaric Fir Beech Forests (Omphalodo-Fagetum sylvaticae)

“…Its broad ecological valence is also cited in the literature. It is even said to be a typical species of forest gaps formed after fires, snow damage, and blowdowns [54,64].…”