Chemical Composition of the Organic Matter in Forest Soils

Kögel, Ingrid; Hempfling, Reinhold; Zech, Wolfgang; Hatcher, Patrick G.; Schulten, H.‐R.

doi:10.1097/00010694-198808000-00011

Cited by 114 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Trumbore et al (1996) combined density separation with hydrolysis to separate bulk SOM into three pools with increasing mean residence times based on 14 C analysis: a low-density (<2.0 g cm À3 ) fraction with rapid turnover; a high-density hydrolyzable fraction with intermediate turnover; and a highdensity nonhydrolyzable fraction with very slow turnover times. Kogel-Knabner (2002) stressed that conventional chemical degradative techniques, such as those used to produce Table 2, can only account for 50-60% of the total organic material in plant litter and SOM (Kogel et al, 1988) and that these methods are often not specific for single compound classes (Preston et al, 1998;Ryan et al, 1990). Although these conventional chemical techniques have limitations, the majority of decomposition studies have relied on them.…”

Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

Sanderman¹,

Amundson²

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

Sanderman¹,

Amundson²

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

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“…Recent studies of forest soils have demonstrated the efficacy of two modern techniques, pyrolysisfield ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for characterization of organic matter and elucidation of decomposition pathways (Beudert et al, 1989;Hempfling and Schulten, 1990;Hempfling et al, 1987K6gel et al, 1988;K6gel-Knabner et al, 1988K6gel-Knabner et al, , 1991Krosshavn et al, 1992;Post et al, 1988;Zech et al, 1992). While they represent a great advance in our understanding of forest soil organic matter, they have had a narrow emphasis on sites of northern Europe, and for most part, the litter and humus horizons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of organic matter in a forest soil of coastal British Columbia by NMR and pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry

et al. 1994

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Organic matter in the soil profile under a young Douglas-fir stand in coastal British Columbia was characterized by examining intact samples of fresh litterfall and organic horizons (LF, H), and fractions (floatables, humic acid [HA], fulvic acid [FA], humin [HU]) from the three mineral horizons (Ae, Bin, BC). Some 30-40% of the carbon in the mineral horizons was found in poorly-decomposed plant material floatable in water, a fraction whose characteristics changed little with depth, and which contained over 1% Fe. The proportion of soil C in HA plus FA was approximately 8%, but the ratio of C in FA/HA increased with depth. Solid-state I3C NMR spectra of litterfall, LH and H samples showed effects of decomposition, in particular a decrease in 0-alkyl C from litterfall to LH to H, and degradation of resolution from LF to H. For the mineral soil fractions, both floatables and de-ashed HU ('HU d' prepared by HCI/HF treatment) indicated high levels of the original plant biopolymers, including a large alkyl component. Solution 13C spectra of the HAs from mineral horizons showed little difference with depth, except that peaks due to lignin were more pronounced for the Bm HA. The NMR spectra of FAs were high in 0-alkyl and carboxyl C. Pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry confirmed and extended the results from NMR and chemical analyses, in particular demonstrating the accumulation of suberin in some fractions and the leaching and decomposition of lignin components with increasing depth in the mineral horizons. The general features of the HA, FA and HUa from this forest soil, and the effects of decomposition and pedogenesis were similar to those widely found for agricultural and forest soils. However, the accumulation of suberin, and the leaching and decomposition of lignin are particularly associated with forest soils. The low proportion of soil C in HA and FA, and the high proportion in poorly decomposed, iron-rich plant fragments suggest that decomposition is somewhat limited at this site, which is classified as having low fertility. The high accumulations of alkyl C from suberin may also indicate, or contribute to inhibition of decomposition.70 Preston et al.

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“…The mass spectrometric method which we used for sugars has been previously reported by Schulten (1984) and Kögel et al (1988). The following mass signals were used for hexoses: m/z 126, 144, and 162; for pentoses: m/z 114 and 132; and for polysacchrides: m/z 60, 72, 82, 84, 96, 98, 110, and 112.…”

Section: Analysis Of Sugars and Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry of organic matter influenced by long-term pedogenesis and a short-term reclamation practice in an Oxisol of Brazil

et al. 2016

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Little is known about the influence of soil pedogenesis and reclamation practices on the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) in eroded Oxisol. We examined the long-term influence of pedogenesis and 8 years of a reclamation practice on SOM in the top 5 cm of an artificially eroded Oxisol of Brazil. The experimental site involved replicated treatments established under native vegetation, and an adjacent site whose top 8.6 m had been removed mechanically (eroded reference). The eroded Oxisol was under reclamation with native tree and grass species, and addition of sewage sludge. Pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometry was used to characterize SOM. The abundance of most classes of SOM and soil carbon decreased in the following order: native > reclaimed >> eroded soil. Relative to the eroded reference, SOM in the native soil was highly humified and stabilized by inorganic colloids of iron, aluminum, and silicon. Humified and thermally stable SOM in the native and reference eroded soils involved mostly alkylaromatics, lipids, phenols+lignin monomers, lignin dimers, and N-heterocyclics. The reclaimed soil SOM was less humified and less stable than the native Oxisol, showing significant contributions of carbohydrates, amino acids, and sterols derived from sewage sludge and plant residues.Key words: oxisol, soil organic matter, chemical classes, mass spectrometry, erosion, soil reclamation.Résumé : On sait peu de choses concernant l'influence de la pédogenèse et des pratiques de restauration du sol sur la composition chimique de la matière organique dans les oxisols érodés. Les auteurs ont étudié les effets à long terme de la pédogenèse et de 8 années de restauration du sol sur la matière organique présente dans la couche supérieure de 5 cm d'un oxisol du Brésil érodé artificiellement. Le site expérimental a fait l'objet de traitements répétés sous la végétation indigène, tandis qu'on a retiré mécaniquement la couche supérieure de 8,6 m d'un site adjacent afin d'en faire un site témoin sur le plan de l'érosion. L'oxisol érodé avait subi des travaux de restauration sous forme de plantation d'espèces indigènes d'arbres et de graminées, après enrichissement avec des boues usées. Les chercheurs ont recouru à un spectromètre de masse à ionisation portatif avec pyrolyse pour caractériser la matière organique. L'abondance de la plupart des classes de matière organique et de carbone organique diminue dans l'ordre suivant : sol intact > sol restauré >> sol érodé. Lorsqu'on effectue une comparaison avec le témoin érodé, on constate que la matière organique du sol naturel est très humifiée et que des colloïdes du fer, de l'aluminium et du silicium la stabilisent. La matière organique humifiée et thermiquement stable du sol naturel et du sol érodé utilisé comme témoin renferme surtout des alkylaromatiques, des lipides, des phénols combinés à des monomères de la lignine, des dimères de la lignine et des N-hétérocycliques. Celle du sol restauré est moins humifiée et moins stable que celle de l'oxisol natur...

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Chemical Composition of the Organic Matter in Forest Soils

Cited by 114 publications

References 0 publications

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing

Characterization of organic matter in a forest soil of coastal British Columbia by NMR and pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry of organic matter influenced by long-term pedogenesis and a short-term reclamation practice in an Oxisol of Brazil

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