Chemical composition of the nematode cuticle. Observations on individual layers and extracts from these layers in Ascaris lumbricoides cuticle

Bird, Alan F.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(57)90029-2

Cited by 51 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The action of acetylcholinesterase is essential for nerve transmission and according to Nachmansohn & Wilson (1955) this enzyme is localized in the membrane of the conductive tissue where it helps to generate bioelectric currents which propagate impulses along nerve and muscle fibres. Bird & Deutsch (1957) and Bird (1957Bird ( ,1958 have greatly increased our knowledge of the structure of the cuticle of Ascaris lumbricoides and various other workers have added to our knowledge of the chemical composition of the cuticle (see reviews by Hobson, 1948, and Fairbairn, 1957. Although Fairbairn (1956) states '-it would seem wise to regard the integument as a fully integrated living tissue, rather than as an inert horny sheath', there has been little evidence to show that the cuticle of nematodes is metabolically active; however, Ellenby (1946Ellenby ( , 1956 has demonstrated polyphenol oxidase in the cyst wall of Heterodera rostochiensis and Bird (1957) has detected it in the outer cortex of Ascaris cuticle.…”

Section: Distribution Of Cholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bird & Deutsch (1957) and Bird (1957Bird ( ,1958 have greatly increased our knowledge of the structure of the cuticle of Ascaris lumbricoides and various other workers have added to our knowledge of the chemical composition of the cuticle (see reviews by Hobson, 1948, and Fairbairn, 1957. Although Fairbairn (1956) states '-it would seem wise to regard the integument as a fully integrated living tissue, rather than as an inert horny sheath', there has been little evidence to show that the cuticle of nematodes is metabolically active; however, Ellenby (1946Ellenby ( , 1956 has demonstrated polyphenol oxidase in the cyst wall of Heterodera rostochiensis and Bird (1957) has detected it in the outer cortex of Ascaris cuticle. Lipids are known to be present in the cuticle of Ascaris and certain other nematodes (Fairbairn, 1956;Cavier, Savel & Monteoliva, 1958;Simmonds, 1958) and, contrary to the findings of Bird (1957), a weak positive result for lipid has been obtained with oil red 0 in the homogeneous layer of the cuticle of Ascaris during this investigation.…”

Section: Distribution Of Cholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The distribution of esterase enzymes in Ascaris lumbricoides

Lee

1962

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. The distribution of non-specific esterase and of cholinesterase in Ascaris lumbricoides has been determined using histochemical methods.2. Non-specific esterase has been shown to be present in the cuticle, in the walls of the excretory canals, in the innervation processes of the muscles, in the coelomocytes, in the oesophageal glands, in the intestine, in the rectal glands, in the male and female reproductive systems, in parts of the nervous system and as 'caps' of enzyme on fat globules in the hypodermis and muscles.3. Cholinesterase has been detected in the innervation processes and sheath of the muscles, in the sphincter muscles, in the intestine, in the sensory papillae and amphids, and in parts of the nervous system, including a nerve in the spicules.4. Parts of the nervous system and the innervation processes of the muscles contain an esterase which is not inhibited by cholinesterase inhibitors and it is suggested that there may be esterase, distinct from cholinesterase, involved in nerve transmission.5. Merocrine secretion of esterase has been observed in the intestine.

show abstract

Section: Distribution Of Cholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Cholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of esterase enzymes in Ascaris lumbricoides

Lee

1962

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Complete determination of the composition and structure of cuticle has not been accomplished for any species. Cuticle can be dissected by hand from macroscopic parasitic nematodes, e.g., Ascaris lumbricoides (Bird 1956(Bird , 1957, facilitating biochemical and structural studies, but robust genetic methods are not available for these animals. Conversely, the microscopic model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is less convenient for biochemical and structural analysis, but is ideal for genetic studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Caenorhabditis elegans Mutants Resistant to Attachment of Yersinia Biofilms

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The detailed composition and structure of the Caenorhabditis elegans surface are unknown. Previous genetic studies used antibody or lectin binding to identify srf genes that play roles in surface determination. Infection by Microbacterium nematophilum identified bus (bacterially unswollen) genes that also affect surface characteristics. We report that biofilms produced by Yersinia pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis, which bind the C. elegans surface predominantly on the head, can be used to identify additional surface-determining genes. A screen for C. elegans mutants with a biofilm absent on the head (Bah) phenotype identified three novel genes: bah-1, bah-2, and bah-3. The bah-1 and bah-2 mutants have slightly fragile cuticles but are neither Srf nor Bus, suggesting that they are specific for surface components involved in biofilm attachment. A bah-3 mutant has normal cuticle integrity, but shows a stage-specific Srf phenotype. The screen produced alleles of five known surface genes: srf-2, srf-3, bus-4, bus-12, and bus-17. For the X-linked bus-17, a paternal effect was observed in biofilm assays.

show abstract

“…The Ascaris cuticle contains lipid in a thin superficial layer (Bird, 1957). In two additional experiments, 3HHO permeability was investigated after 60-rain extraction of lipid with 1% Triton X-100.…”

Section: Diffusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling ofd-glucose in collagenous cuticle: A means of nutrient conservation?

Gomme

1981

J. Membrain Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transport by an epithelium, possessing an accumulating saturable transport system in the apical membrane as well as a finite Fick permeability to the transported solute, was considered in the steady state in the case of zero cis concentration, and in the presence of a peripheral diffusion resistance in a layer apposing the cis face of the tissue (unstirred solution or structural coating). Under suitable conditions, the combination of peripheral diffusion resistance and accumulating epithelium transport may lead to recycling of solute at the cis face of the epithelium. This causes a decrease of the effective permeability to diffusional trans-cis flow across the tissue. The phenomenon is discussed in terms of epidermal D-glucose transport by the integument of aquatic animals with a collagenous cuticle, such as the seawater-acclimated polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor. The recycling phenomenon may be of significance to other epithelia with the function of maintaining large concentration gradients of permeating substances.

show abstract

Chemical composition of the nematode cuticle. Observations on individual layers and extracts from these layers in Ascaris lumbricoides cuticle

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

The distribution of esterase enzymes in Ascaris lumbricoides

The distribution of esterase enzymes in Ascaris lumbricoides

Caenorhabditis elegans Mutants Resistant to Attachment of Yersinia Biofilms

Recycling ofd-glucose in collagenous cuticle: A means of nutrient conservation?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About