Chemical Composition of the Epicuticular and Intracuticular Wax Layers on Adaxial Sides of Rosa canina Leaves

Buschhaus, Christopher; Herz, Hubert; Jetter, Reinhard

doi:10.1093/aob/mcm255

Cited by 102 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…lacking surface wax crystals) and alicyclic wax constituents (Buschhaus and Jetter, 2011). In five cases, namely for tomato fruits and for leaves of P. laurocerasus, Rosa canina, Ligustrum vulgare, and M. tanarius, pentacyclic triterpenoids had been found at high concentrations in the intracuticular wax only (Jetter et al, 2000;Jetter and Schäffer, 2001;Vogg et al, 2004;Guhling et al, 2005;Buschhaus et al, 2007aBuschhaus et al, , 2007bZeisler and Schreiber, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Transpiration Barrier in the Epi- and Intracuticular Waxes of Eight Plant Species: Water Transport Resistances Are Associated with Fatty Acyl Rather Than Alicyclic Components

Jetter

Riederer²

2015

Plant Physiol.

163

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Plant cuticular waxes play a crucial role in limiting nonstomatal water loss. The goal of this study was to localize the transpiration barrier within the layered structure of cuticles of eight selected plant species and to put its physiological function into context with the chemical composition of the intracuticular and epicuticular wax layers. Four plant species (Tetrastigma voinierianum, Oreopanax guatemalensis, Monstera deliciosa, and Schefflera elegantissima) contained only very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) derivatives such as alcohols, alkyl esters, aldehydes, and alkanes in their waxes. Even though the epicuticular and intracuticular waxes of these species had very similar compositions, only the intracuticular wax was important for the transpiration barrier. In contrast, four other species (Citrus aurantium, Euonymus japonica, Clusia flava, and Garcinia spicata) had waxes containing VLCFA derivatives, together with high percentages of alicyclic compounds (triterpenoids, steroids, or tocopherols) largely restricted to the intracuticular wax layer. In these species, both the epicuticular and intracuticular waxes contributed equally to the cuticular transpiration barrier. We conclude that the cuticular transpiration barrier is primarily formed by the intracuticular wax but that the epicuticular wax layer may also contribute to it, depending on species-specific cuticle composition. The barrier is associated mainly with VLCFA derivatives and less (if at all) with alicyclic wax constituents. The sealing properties of the epicuticular and intracuticular layers were not correlated with other characteristics, such as the absolute wax amounts and thicknesses of these layers.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Transpiration Barrier in the Epi- and Intracuticular Waxes of Eight Plant Species: Water Transport Resistances Are Associated with Fatty Acyl Rather Than Alicyclic Components

Jetter

Riederer²

2015

Plant Physiol.

163

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“…Subsequent solvent extraction releases additional wax that presumably resided within the cutin and is called intracuticular wax. Several studies have revealed that wax composition typically is not uniform between the two wax layers (Gniwotta et al, 2005;Guhling et al, 2005;Buschhaus et al, 2007a;Buschhaus et al, 2007b;Ji and Jetter, 2008;van Maarseveen and Jetter, 2009). Most notably, cyclic compounds regularly accumulate almost exclusively in the intracuticular wax layer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Physiological Function of the Wax Layers Coating Arabidopsis Leaves: β-Amyrin Negatively Affects the Intracuticular Water Barrier

2012

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Plants prevent dehydration by coating their aerial, primary organs with waxes. Wax compositions frequently differ between species, organs, and developmental stages, probably to balance limiting nonstomatal water loss with various other ecophysiological roles of surface waxes. To establish structure-function relationships, we quantified the composition and transpiration barrier properties of the gl1 mutant leaf waxes of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to the necessary spatial resolution. The waxes coating the upper and lower leaf surfaces had distinct compositions. Moreover, within the adaxial wax, the epicuticular layer contained more wax and a higher relative quantity of alkanes, whereas the intracuticular wax had a higher percentage of alcohols. The wax formed a barrier against nonstomatal water loss, where the outer layer contributed twice as much resistance as the inner layer. Based on this detailed description of Arabidopsis leaf waxes, structure-function relationships can now be established by manipulating one cuticle component and assessing the effect on cuticle functions. Next, we ectopically expressed the triterpenoid synthase gene AtLUP4 (for lupeol synthase4 or b-amyrin synthase) to compare water loss with and without added cuticular triterpenoids in Arabidopsis leaf waxes. b-Amyrin accumulated solely in the intracuticular wax, constituting up to 4% of this wax layer, without other concomitant changes of wax composition. This triterpenoid accumulation caused a significant reduction in the water barrier effectiveness of the intracuticular wax.

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“…For example, Buschhaus et al (2007b) reported alkanes, primary alcohols, alkyl esters, triterpenoids and minor components in the waxes of rose leaves. GC analysis was carried out with the temperature programmed to rise from 50 °C to 320 °C and held for 30 min at 320 °C.…”

Section: Gc Separation and Detection Of Cuticular Waxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Plant and Insect Surface Compounds: Cuticular Waxes and Terpenoids

Szafranek¹,

Paszkiewicz²,

Gołębiowski³

et al. 2012

Gas Chromatography in Plant Science, Wine Technology, Toxicology and Some Specific Applications

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Chemical Composition of the Epicuticular and Intracuticular Wax Layers on Adaxial Sides of Rosa canina Leaves

Cited by 102 publications

References 33 publications

Localization of the Transpiration Barrier in the Epi- and Intracuticular Waxes of Eight Plant Species: Water Transport Resistances Are Associated with Fatty Acyl Rather Than Alicyclic Components

Localization of the Transpiration Barrier in the Epi- and Intracuticular Waxes of Eight Plant Species: Water Transport Resistances Are Associated with Fatty Acyl Rather Than Alicyclic Components

Composition and Physiological Function of the Wax Layers Coating Arabidopsis Leaves: β-Amyrin Negatively Affects the Intracuticular Water Barrier

Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Plant and Insect Surface Compounds: Cuticular Waxes and Terpenoids

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