Chemical composition of snow and ice from Chhota Shigri glacier, Central Himalaya

Nijampurkar, V. N.; Sarin, M.M.; Rao, D. K.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90246-6

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Cl in the Brahmaputra River System is quite low. It ranges from 9 to 83 M (Table 2), with most samples having values centering around 15 M, similar to those reported for the Himalayan glaciers (Nijampurkar et al, 1993;Sarin and Rao, 2002). In general, Cl in the southern tributaries is higher.…”

Section: Major Ion Compositionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Chemical erosion in the eastern Himalaya: Major ion composition of the Brahmaputra and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon

Singh

Sarin

France‐Lanord

2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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179

160

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Section: Major Ion Compositionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Chemical erosion in the eastern Himalaya: Major ion composition of the Brahmaputra and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon

Singh

Sarin

France‐Lanord

2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Self Cite

179

160

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“…We suggest that the high Ca concentrations (130-441 lmol/L) in rainwater are related to input of terrestrial carbonate dust which dissolved in rain water (Wang et al 2005), and this dust is generally from the arid zone around the Lake Qinghai catchment such as from the Qaidam Basin (Zhang 2001;Kang and Cong 2006). In part of the Himalayas, rain and snow can contribute a significant amount of dissolved solutes to surface water (Nijampurkar et al 1993;Hasnain and Thayyen 1999;Pandey et al 2001). Wake et al (1990) reported that Himalayan rain waters have Ca concentrations as high as 100-300 lmol/L.…”

Section: Relative Contribution Of Silicate Weathering Versus Carbonatmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonally chemical weathering and CO2 consumption flux of Lake Qinghai river system in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Zhang

Jin

et al. 2009

Environ Earth Sci

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The major cation and anion compositions of waters from the Lake Qinghai river system (LQRS) in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau were measured. The waters were collected seasonally from five main rivers during premonsoon (late May), monsoon (late July), and post-monsoon (middle October). The LQRS waters are all very alkaline and have high concentrations of TDS (total dissolved solids) compared to rivers draining the Himalayas and the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Seasonal variations in the water chemistry show that, except the Daotang River, the TDS concentration is high in October and low in July in the LQRS waters. The forward models were used to quantify the input of three main rivers (Buha River, Shaliu River, and Hargai River) from rain, halite, carbonates, and silicates. The results suggest that (1) atmospheric input is the first important source for the waters of the Buha River and the Shaliu River, contributing 36-57% of the total dissolved cations, (2) carbonate weathering input and atmospheric input have equal contribution to the Hargai River water, (3) carbonate weathering has higher contribution to these rivers than silicate weathering, and (4) halite is also important source for the Buha River. The Daotang River water is dominated by halite input owing to its underlying old lacustrine sediments. The water compositions of the Heima River are controlled by carbonate weathering and rainfall input in monsoon season, and groundwater input may be important in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. After being corrected the atmospheric input, average CO 2 drawdown via silicate weathering in the LQRS is 35 9 10 3 mol/km 2 per year, with highest in monsoon season, lower than Himalayas and periphery of Tibetan Plateau rivers but higher than some rivers draining shields.

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“…As a result, subtracting the contributions of these ions to a catchment is important when considering the stoichiometry of mineral weathering reactions, weathering fluxes, and the dominant weathering processes in a basin. In parts of the Himalaya, rain and snow can contribute a significant amount of dissolved solutes (Nijampurkar et al, 1993;Hasnain and Thayyen, 1999;Pandey et al, 2001). In the lower Brahmaputra, up to 30% of Na + may be derived from marine sources (Sarin and Krishnaswami, 1984).…”

Section: Correction For Atmospheric and Hot-spring Inputs To Stream Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major ion chemistry of the Yarlung Tsangpo–Brahmaputra river: Chemical weathering, erosion, and CO2 consumption in the southern Tibetan plateau and eastern syntaxis of the Himalaya

Hren

Chamberlain

Hilley

et al. 2007

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

166

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The Yarlung Tsangpo-Brahmaputra river drains a large portion of the Himalaya and southern Tibetan plateau, including the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, one of the most tectonically active regions on the globe. We measured the solute chemistry of 161 streams and major tributaries of the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra to examine the effect of tectonic, climatic, and geologic factors on chemical weathering rates. Specifically, we quantify chemical weathering fluxes and CO 2 consumption by silicate weathering in southern Tibet and the eastern syntaxis of the Himalaya, examine the major chemical weathering reactions in the tributaries of the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra, and determine the total weathering flux from carbonate and silicate weathering processes in this region. We show that high precipitation, rapid tectonic uplift, steep channel slopes, and high stream power generate high rates of chemical weathering in the eastern syntaxis. The total dissolved solids (TDS) flux from the this area is greater than 520 tons km À2 yr À1 and the silicate cation flux more than 34 tons km À2 yr À1 . In total, chemical weathering in this area consumes 15.2 · 10 5 mol CO 2 km À2 yr À1 , which is twice the Brahmaputra average. These data show that 15-20% of the total CO 2 consumption by silicate weathering in the Brahmaputra catchment is derived from only 4% of the total land area of the basin. Hot springs and evaporite weathering provide significant contributions to dissolved Na + and Cl À fluxes throughout southern Tibet, comprising more than 50% of all Na + in some stream systems. Carbonate weathering generates 80-90% of all dissolved Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ cations in much of the Yarlung Tsangpo catchment.

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Chemical composition of snow and ice from Chhota Shigri glacier, Central Himalaya

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Chemical erosion in the eastern Himalaya: Major ion composition of the Brahmaputra and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon

Chemical erosion in the eastern Himalaya: Major ion composition of the Brahmaputra and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon

Seasonally chemical weathering and CO2 consumption flux of Lake Qinghai river system in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Major ion chemistry of the Yarlung Tsangpo–Brahmaputra river: Chemical weathering, erosion, and CO2 consumption in the southern Tibetan plateau and eastern syntaxis of the Himalaya

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