Chemical Composition of Silene viridiflora

Abstract

Neutral substances, carbohydrates, and microelements from the aerial part of Silene viridiflora in addition to the protein content and its amino-acid composition were determined.The literature indicates that the genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae) has the highest content of ecdysteroids [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The maximum amount of phytoecdysteroids in the aerial part of plants of the genus Silene L. accumulates during budding and flowering [9]. The aerial part of S. viridiflora L. (budding phase) is a promising source of phytoecdysteroids for practical application.We carried out a comprehensive investigation of the chemical composition of the principal classes of natural compounds in S. viridiflora (ripening phase) collected in Tashkent at the experimental plot of the S. Yu. Yunosov ICPS of the ASRU [10].Fresh raw material was dried in the shade at 20-25°C to a residual moisture content of 2.7%. Ground leaves and roots were extracted with (C 2 H 5 ) 2 O, CHCl 3 , C 2 H 5 OH, and CH 3 OH to isolate the extracable substances (ES). The ES content in the leaves was 4.2, 3.8, 12.6, and 17.3% whereas the values in the roots were 2.4, 3.2, 6.0, and 13.1%, respectively. TLC of the neutral part identified [11] the following compounds: sitosterol, stigmasterol, polyisoprenoids, and α-tocopherol, the contents of which were 0.08, 0.02, 0.01, and 0.005% of the air-dried mass (ADM) of plant material.Proteins were extracted under alkaline conditions by borate buffer (0.2 M, pH 9.0) as before [12]. The protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method [13]. The protein yield was 5.88 wt. %.The amino-acid composition of the isolated protein was determined after acid hydrolysis on an amino-acid analyzer. A total of 17 amino acids was observed in the hydrolysate. Table 1 lists the results. The quantitative determination of amino acids in the protein hydrolysate from S. viridiflora showed that the protein contained essential amino acids -histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, methionine, threonine, valine, and arginine.The content of organic acids was determined as before [14]. It made up 8.32% calculated as malic acid in the absolute dry raw material.Remaining raw material was boiled with alcohol (80°) to determine the sugars soluble in alcohol (SSA). SSA extracts were purified with lead acetate (10%) and Na 2 SO 4 . Purified SSA solutions were evaporated to dryness. Paper chromatography (PC) (system 1) detected the following sugars that were characteristic of all plant organs: galactose, glucose, arabinose, and rhamnose in various ratios. Water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS-1 and WSPS-2) were extracted by treating the raw material with water at room temperature and on a water bath at 70°C. Pectinic substances (PS) were obtained using oxalic-acid solution (0.5%). Table 2 gives the percent content of carbohydates and shows that the amount of free sugars is highest in leaves. WSPS-1 accumlated in roots; PS, in stems.Solutions of WSPS-1 and WSPS-2 were condensed and precipitated with alcohol (1:3). Dried samples were...

Triterpene saponins from Silene gallica collected in North-Eastern Algeria

“…The genus consists mainly of herbaceous plants and, more rarely, small shrubs or subshrubs (Mamadalieva et al, 2014). Phytochemical investigations of the genus Silene have led to the isolation of several phytoecdysteroids (Mamadalieva et al, 2014), triterpene saponins (Gaidi et al, 2002), benzenoids, flavonoids (Darmograi et al, 1977), anthocyanins, N-containing compounds (Dötterl et al, 2005), sterols, and vitamins (Arnetoli et al, 2008;Eshmirzaeva et al, 2005). The abundance and widespread occurrence of triterpene saponins are typical features of the family Caryophyllaceae.…”

Diversity of Secondary Metabolites in the Genus Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae)—Structures, Distribution, and Biological Properties

“…[17] [31,189,190] β-Tocopherol R 1 = R 3 = CH 3 R 2 = H n = 3 S. vulgaris (Moench) Garcke [190] γ-Tocopherol R 1 = R 2 = CH 3 R 3 = H n = 3 S. vulgaris (Moench) Garcke [190] δ-Tocopherol R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = H n = 3 S. vulgaris subsp. macrocarpa, S. vulgaris (Moench) Garcke [189,190] S. conoidea L. [9] Lutein S. vulgaris subsp.…”

Silene Ruscifolia Metanoli̇k Herba Ekstresi̇ndeki̇ Fi̇toki̇myasallarin Lc-Qtof/MS Ve Gc/MS İle İncelenmesi̇

“…Chemical ingredients of Silene species consist flavonoids, anthocyanidins, terpenoids, triterpene saponins, phytoecdysteroids, benzenoids, vitamins [15][16][17][18][19] and show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral activities [20][21][22][23][24].…”