Chemical Composition of Umbilicaria crustulosa and U. cylindrica

Abstract

The chemical composition of ether, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts of Umbilicaria crustulosa and U. cylindrica were determined for the first time by HPLC-UV, GC-FID and GC-MS. The HPLC-UV analysis was revealed the presence of methyl orsellinate, lecanoric acid, crustinic acid, gyrophoric acid and atranorin in U. crustulosa extracts while in U. cylindrica extracts were detected following compounds: salazinic acid, norstictic acid, atraric acid, gyrophoric acid and atranorin. GC-FID and GC-MS analysis were enabled the identification of orsellinic acid (40.4%) and orcinol (48.1%) as main components of U. crustulosa extracts and atraric acid (8.5%) and orcinol (10.3%) in U. cylindrica extracts.

Metabolomic Analysis of Two Parmotrema Lichens: P. robustum (Degel.) Hale and P. andinum (Mull. Arg.) Hale Using UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS

“…The parent ion produced major diagnostic MS ions at m / z 373.0568, 357.0618, and 151.0392, confirming this derivative, unlike constictic acid whose daughter ions were at m / z 373.0565, 357.0614, 283.0601, and 227.0698. Peak 23, with a [M − H] − pseudomolecular ion at m / z 371.0412, was identified as norstictic acid [ 36 ], which showed diagnostic daughter ions at m / z 283.0616, 267.0667, 243.0292 and 227.0348. α-alectoronic acid was assigned to peak 41 (molecular anion at m / z 511.1973). The fragmentation of peak 41 produced ions at m / z 467.2050, 369.1338 and 247.0974.…”

“…The fragmentation of peak 41 produced ions at m / z 467.2050, 369.1338 and 247.0974. Finally, peaks 11, 16, 22, 25 and 48 were identified as salazinic acid, connorstictic acid, substictic acid, hypoconstictic and lobaric acid [ 36 ], respectively.…”

Contribution to the knowledge of the chemical composition, biological activities and activity concentration of 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra and 232Th of the lichen Evernia prunastri

“…The intensity of the HPLC signals revealed that the extraction ability of the solvents decreased in the following order: acetone, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dichloromethane (ratio of HPLC signals intensity A:E:EA:DCM = 1.6:1.3:1.3:1), similar to the results of a previous study of lichen extracts. 23…”

Chemotype variations among lichen ecotypes of Umbilicaria aprina as revealed by LC-ESI-MS/MS: a survey of antioxidant phenolics

“…An informative result reported by Serina et al (1996) is the coincidence of gyrophoric acid and hiascic acid in their samples, so the co-occurrence of these two tridepsides in our investigated ecotypes was plausible. Based on the literature (Hestmark, 1991;Krog and Swinscow, 1986;Krzewicka, 2004;Krzewicka and Osyczka, 2002;Manojlović et al, 2012;Narui et al, 1998Narui et al, , 1996Poelt and A c c e p t e d m a n u s c r i p t Nash, 2006;Posner et al, 1992;Serina et al, 1996;Upreti and Pant, 2008;Zlatanović et al, 2017) presence of umbilicaric acid in all of the U. aprina ecotypes is also admissible.…”

“…Phytochemical analysis of Umbilicaria species by several authors, has revealed the presence of ca. 16 compounds including gyrophoric acid, lecanoric acid, umbilicaric acid, hiascic acid, ovoic acid, crustinic acid, lasallic acid, usnic acid, norstictic acid, salazinic acid, atraric acid, atranorin, unknown terpenoids, methyl orsellinate, methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate and ethyl hematomate (Hestmark, 1991;Krog and Swinscow, 1986;Krzewicka, 2004;Krzewicka and Osyczka, 2002;Manojlović et al, 2012;Narui et al, 1998Narui et al, , 1996Poelt and Nash, 2006;Posner et al, 1992;Serina et al, 1996;Zlatanović et al, 2017).…”