Chemical composition of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris collected from Saudi Arabian market

Alasmari, Abdulrahman; Athar, Tanwir; Al-Faraidy, Ahmed Abdullah; Almuhaiza, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.11.023

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It is well documented that the leaves and flowers of plants contain numerous aromatic chemical products which prevent the cellular damage caused by free radical molecules, ions or atoms (Dapkevicius et al, 2002;Al-Asmari et al, 2017). T. vulgaris L. is a famous herb cultivated all over the world, used essentially in food as a flavor and in medicine as an anti-microbial, antipoisonous and deworming agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Thymus vulgaris L. on renal and liver toxicity in wistar rats exposed to aluminum

Mokrane¹,

Kharoubi²,

Tahari³

et al. 2020

J. Med. Plants Res.

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The main sources of human exposure to aluminum are found in the extensive presence of the metal in the environment and its growing industrial applications. The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the Thymus vulgaris L. extract in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) toxicity on biochemical and antioxidant parameters. The experiment's rats were divided into five groups: a control group; an intoxicated group (300 mg AlCl 3 /kg bw); and three other groups which were given AlCl 3 (300mg/kg/bw) then T. vulgaris. L extract (T.v), Malic Acid (MA) and Vitamin E (Vit E) at a concentration of 150mg/kg/bw. Each group was given its respective dosage, daily for 90 days. The results showed a significant decrease in the body/liver/kidney weights, the plasma total protein (T. Protein) and albumin (Alb) levels (p≤0.05) in the intoxicated rats group. However, a significant increase in the plasma uric acid (Uac), alkaline (AlP) and acid phosphatase (AcP) levels was noted (p≤0.05) in the same group. The amount of aluminum, TBARS and nitrate/nitrite (NO) in the liver and kidney tissues of the rats treated with AlCl 3 was also found to have increased (p≤0.05), while the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione transferase (GSH-St) have decreased significantly (p≤0.05). These altered parameters were restored in the rats treated with the T. vulgaris L. extract. Therefore, due to these beneficial effects, T. vulgaris L. could potentially be used to antagonize AlCl 3 toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Thymus vulgaris L. on renal and liver toxicity in wistar rats exposed to aluminum

Mokrane¹,

Kharoubi²,

Tahari³

et al. 2020

J. Med. Plants Res.

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“…9 Among these, terpinen-4-ol and alpha terpinene are well-known sensitizers. 9,10 In our case, we may speculate that the wetness, the occlusion. and the close contact of the sanitary pad to the skin of the genital area played a role as a predisposing factor to the onset of the ACD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent chromatographic study, the analysis of thyme essential oil identified 24 different compounds, including furan, alpha‐pinene, beta‐myrcene, terpinen‐4‐ol, alpha‐terpinene, gamma‐terpinene, humulene, and so on, although the main constituents were thymol and its derivatives . Among these, terpinen‐4‐ol and alpha terpinene are well‐known sensitizers .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital allergic contact dermatitis in response to contact to thyme in a sanitary pad

et al. 2019

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Nowadays many daily consumer products such as toilet paper, paper handkerchiefs, sanitary pads, and cleansing gels are treated and flavored with disinfectants and essences to increase their sterility and pleasantness. Considering the daily repeated use of such products, irritant and allergic contact dermatitis can occur, in particular if predisposing factors are present. CASE REPORTA not-atopic 42-year-old female patient came to our attention for the onset of diffuse eczematous lesions involving the genital area and spreading to the lower limbs and the upper part of the trunk. History revealed that such lesions started to appear during the last menstrual period and with the use of a specific sanitary pad (Saugella cotton touch) that she had been using for a couple of months. The sanitary pads were characterized by the presence of a microencapsulated solution of Thymus vulgaris essential oil that gradually released its ingredients following the contact with the skin. When investigated further, she reported different episodes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in the past: contact dermatitis to shoes caused by rubber and p-tertbutylphenol formaldehyde resin, and occupational ACD to fragrances affecting her hands, being a perfumer. The patient denied any previous similar skin diseases in the past.After the complete resolution of the dermatitis, achieved thanks to systemic antihistamine therapy (levocetirizine 5 mg once daily) and a daily application of mometasone furoate for 10 days, we performed patch tests with the S.I.D.A.P.A. (Italian Society of Allergological, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology) baseline series (Euromedical, Calolziocorte, Italy) and with a wetted piece of the sanitary pad. Patch tests were applied on the back and left in occlusion for 2 days with Al Test (Euromedical) on Scanpor Tape (Norgesplaster, Vennesla, Norway).Readings were performed at day (D)2, D4, and D7 1 and showed positive reactions to p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin, Myroxylon pereira, fragrance mix I, mercaptobenzotiazole, mercapto mix, and to the sanitary pad. Subsequently, patch tests were performed also with all the components of the sanitary pad showing a positive results to the raw and dried leaves of thyme. In addition, patch tests were performed with rosemary raw leafs, which turned out to be negative. Twenty healthy subjects were patch tested with the raw and dried leaves of thyme, with negative results. DISCUSSIONWe report the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed an ACD to a sanitary pad. These products have been described as a culprit of ACD owing to the presence of different ingredients such as colophonium, methacrylates, formaldehyde, and fragrances. 2,3 In our case, ACD was caused by thyme.Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L) is an evergreen shrub belonging to the Labiatae family, which includes many aromatic herbs such as rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), origanum (Origanum vulgais), peppermint (Mentha piperita), lavender (Lavandula officinalis), hyssop (Hysoppus officinalis), marjoram (Origanum majoran)...

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“…The measurement was done in triplicates (Salem et al, 2017). Inhibition percentage of mycelia growth was calculated as follows: (1) Where the MGI is mycelial growth inhibition, A C and A t are average diameters of fungal colonies of control and treatment, respectively.…”

Section: In-vitro Antifungal Assay 23 In Vitro Protugljivično Ispitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of efficacy and effectiveness of some extracted bio-chemicals as bio-fungicides on wood

2019

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The present study investigates in-vitro the antifungal activity of two extracts (ethyl ether extracts of Schinus terebinthifolius ripened fruits and Pinus rigida heartwood) and two essential oils (Thymus vulgaris and Origanum majorana leaves) against two species of fungi; Trichoderma harzianum and Aspergillus niger. The results clearly show that O. majorana oil and P. rigida wood extract had the highest activity against both fungi and were chosen for the application on four wood species; Weeping-Wreath Wattle (Acacia saligna), Beech (Fagus sylvatica), Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) and Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida). Additionally, their impact on the wood structure was examined by FTIR, SEM and colorimetry. The study suggests that O. majorana oil appears to show the best results and could be used as friendly bio-fungicides to protect wood objects without changing their structures.

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Chemical composition of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris collected from Saudi Arabian market

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

The effect of Thymus vulgaris L. on renal and liver toxicity in wistar rats exposed to aluminum

The effect of Thymus vulgaris L. on renal and liver toxicity in wistar rats exposed to aluminum

Genital allergic contact dermatitis in response to contact to thyme in a sanitary pad

Assessment of efficacy and effectiveness of some extracted bio-chemicals as bio-fungicides on wood

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