Chemical composition of different varieties of grain sorghum

Neucere, Navin J.; Sumrell, Gene

doi:10.1021/jf60227a022

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…1; Supplemental Table S2). The measured element concentrations of this study corroborate the broad range observed in the sorghum element literature (Mengesha, 1966;Neucere and Sumrell, 1980;Lestienne et al, 2005;Ragaee et al, 2006). Similar to a study carried out in wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp.…”

Section: Phenotypic Diversity For Seed Element Concentrations In the supporting

confidence: 88%

Integration of Experiments across Diverse Environments Identifies the Genetic Determinants of Variation in Sorghum bicolor Seed Element Composition

et al. 2016

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Seedling establishment and seed nutritional quality require the sequestration of sufficient element nutrients. The identification of genes and alleles that modify element content in the grains of cereals, including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), is fundamental to developing breeding and selection methods aimed at increasing bioavailable element content and improving crop growth. We have developed a high-throughput work flow for the simultaneous measurement of multiple elements in sorghum seeds. We measured seed element levels in the genotyped Sorghum Association Panel, representing all major cultivated sorghum races from diverse geographic and climatic regions, and mapped alleles contributing to seed element variation across three environments by genome-wide association. We observed significant phenotypic and genetic correlation between several elements across multiple years and diverse environments. The power of combining high-precision measurements with genome-wide association was demonstrated by implementing rank transformation and a multilocus mixed model to map alleles controlling 20 element traits, identifying 255 loci affecting the sorghum seed ionome. Sequence similarity to genes characterized in previous studies identified likely causative genes for the accumulation of zinc, manganese, nickel, calcium, and cadmium in sorghum seeds. In addition to strong candidates for these five elements, we provide a list of candidate loci for several other elements. Our approach enabled the identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in strong linkage disequilibrium with causative polymorphisms that can be evaluated in targeted selection strategies for plant breeding and improvement.

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Section: Phenotypic Diversity For Seed Element Concentrations In the supporting

confidence: 88%

Integration of Experiments across Diverse Environments Identifies the Genetic Determinants of Variation in Sorghum bicolor Seed Element Composition

et al. 2016

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“…It was in the range reported by Subramanian and Jambunathan (1984) but lower than the values previously reported (Ragaee et al 2006;Waters and Pedersen 2009;Mohammed et al 2010;Mokrane et al 2010). Grain protein content in Cereal Research Communications 44, 2016 sorghum grains was reported to range from 6.80% to 19.60% (Subramanian et al 1990); 5.44% to 12.90%, and 10.00 to 14.00% (Neucere and Sumrell 1980;Awadelkareem 2002;Awadelkareem et al 2009). The genotypes as well as the environment influence the protein content (Benzian et al 1983;Ebadi 2005) during the growing seasons.…”

Section: Cereal Research Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Quantification of Mineral Composition and Total Protein Content in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor(L.) Moench] Genotypes

Gerrano¹,

Labuschagne²,

Biljon³

et al. 2016

Cereal Research Communications

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Sorghum is a drought tolerant cereal and staple food which is a dietary source of protein and more than 20 minerals. The concentration of the mineral elements and protein content in sorghum varies due to genotypic and environmental influences and genotype by environment interactions. The objective of this study was to determine the contents of eight mineral elements (Ca, Fe, K, Mn, Na, P, Zn and Mg) and protein in sorghum genotypes. The analysis of variance showed significant differences in mineral and protein contents. There was a significant relationship between Zn and Fe and between protein and P and Zn. The principal component (PC) analysis showed that Fe, Mn, P, Zn and protein contributed largely to clustering of the genotypes in PC1; Ca, P and Mg to PC2 and Ca, K and Na to PC3. The presence of a considerable amount of compositional variability of mineral and protein contents among tested genotypes suggests that they can be a valuable source of genes for nutritional quality improvement of sorghum.

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“…The oil content of the grains ranged from 19 g kg-l for koreeb to 59 g kg-' for difra. 0.2 12.9 3.3 1.7 0.7 0.9 37.7 1.5 38.4 2.9 US sorghum var (Neucere and Sumrell 1980) ND < 0.1 YO w total fatty acids.…”

Section: Crude Fibre Oil and Carbohydrate Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional quality of uncultivated cereal grains utilised as famine foods in western sudan as measured by chemical analysis

1992

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Abstract:The chemical composition of the grain of a number of wild grasses used as food in times of famine in western Sudan are reported and compared with those of the local staple cereals. Species investigated were Cenchrus biyorus (haskaneet), Dactyloctenium aegyptium (koreeb), Echinochloa colona (difra) and Oryza punctata (ruz el wadi). The grain of all species except Cbzyorus had protein contents in the range 110-140 g kg-', broadly similar to those of the local staple cereals. The grain of C bryorus possessed a particularly high protein content of 210 g kg-'. The nutritional quality of the proteins as measured by their chemical scores ranged from 20 for C bijlorus to 65 for 0 puncrata compared with scores of 36 and 58 for the local sorghum var Kurgi and millet respectively. Lysine was the limiting amino acid in all cases. Whilst the composition of the protein of sorghum var Kurgi was typical of sorghum generally, that of var Karamaka was unusual in possessing Iysine levels of 3.4 g (16 g N)-l, double that normally present in sorghum and raising the chemical score of the protein to 62.The ash content of the famine food cereals was high, attaining 11 3 g kg-' in C bijlorus. All grains were good sources of zinc and D aegyptium, 0 punctata and E colonum additionally contained comparatively high levels of iron. Remarkably for a cereal D aegyptium was also very rich in calcium, containing over 10 g kg-', and possessed high concentrations of manganese.Carbohydrate content of the famine food grains varied from 617 g kg-I for C bijlorus to 748 g kg-' for 0 punctata, values comparable to the local staple cereals. The proportion of starch in this fraction ranged from 650 g kg-' in D aegyptium to 940 g kg-' in Opunctata. Seed oils of all species were predominantly unsaturated containing mainly oleic and linoleic acids.

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Chemical composition of different varieties of grain sorghum

Cited by 45 publications

References 4 publications

Integration of Experiments across Diverse Environments Identifies the Genetic Determinants of Variation in Sorghum bicolor Seed Element Composition

Integration of Experiments across Diverse Environments Identifies the Genetic Determinants of Variation in Sorghum bicolor Seed Element Composition

Quantification of Mineral Composition and Total Protein Content in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor(L.) Moench] Genotypes

Nutritional quality of uncultivated cereal grains utilised as famine foods in western sudan as measured by chemical analysis

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