Chemical Composition of Dew Resulting from Radiative Cooling at a Semi-arid Site in Agra, India

Lakhani, Anita; Parmar, R. S.; Prakash, S.

doi:10.1007/s00024-011-0329-8

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Biomass burning is common in Bhola as biomass is used for cooking and agriculture firing. NSSF Cl − in fog water might have originated from anthropogenic HCl gas absorption by airborne liquid droplets, followed by deposition and soil-derived chloride salts [42]. Hydrogen chloride was possibly deposited via smoke from coal-fired domestic stoves, where fuel and household refuse, such as plastic, paper, wood sticks, crop residue, cow dung cakes, are burnt [42].…”

Section: Anthropogenic and Crustal Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NSSF Cl − in fog water might have originated from anthropogenic HCl gas absorption by airborne liquid droplets, followed by deposition and soil-derived chloride salts [42]. Hydrogen chloride was possibly deposited via smoke from coal-fired domestic stoves, where fuel and household refuse, such as plastic, paper, wood sticks, crop residue, cow dung cakes, are burnt [42]. People in Bhola mostly use domestic cooking stoves, and burning crop residue is a widespread scenario during the winter season.…”

Section: Anthropogenic and Crustal Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Source Discovery of Wintertime Fog on Coastal Island, Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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An extensive chemical investigation of fog water’s chemical composition, as well as source characterization, were carried out during the winter season (December to February) at an outflow location (Bhola, Bangladesh) of the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). Characterization of the source involved correlational analysis, enrichment factor analysis, estimation of percentage sources, and air mass trajectory analysis. The average pH of fog water in Bhola was found to be 7.03 ± 0.02, demonstrating that acid-neutralizing components were successful in neutralizing acidifying species. The concentrations of the water-soluble ions were determined, and they were in the following order: Ca2+ > NO3− > Cl− > Na+ > SO42− > NH4+ > Mg2+ > K+ > F− > HCO3−. Of the six trace elements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb) that were analyzed, Zn ions were found in the highest concentration, followed by Mn ions. Neutralization factor analysis showed that the key neutralization components of fog-water were Ca2+ and NH4+. Enrichment factor (EF) calculation revealed the anthropogenic origin of NO3−, SO42−, Zn, Mn, and Cu. The percentage source contributions of NO3− (99.74%), SO42− (84.02%), and Cl− (8.30%) further support the anthropogenic origin. Backward air mass trajectory analysis was performed using the NOAA-HYSPLIT model. Long-range transport of contaminants over the IGP area was found to have a profound impact on the chemical composition of fog on the Bhola coast. This research has provided novel findings for the chemical characterization of fog water and the detection of its source at IGP outflow, and highlighted the anthropogenic contributions to local air pollution, as well as the transboundary influence on local air quality.

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Section: Anthropogenic and Crustal Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anthropogenic and Crustal Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Source Discovery of Wintertime Fog on Coastal Island, Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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“…Various studies regarding chemical characterization of dew have been carried at urban places like in France (Beysens et al, 2006), in USA (Mulawa et al, 1986;Pierson et al, 1988), in Chile (Rubio et al, 2002(Rubio et al, , 2008(Rubio et al, , 2009, in Poland (Polkowska et al, 2008), in Germany (Acker et al, 2008), in India (Khare et al, 2000;Singh et al, 2006;Lakhani et al, 2012;Yadav and Kumar, 2014), in Japan (Okochi et al, 1996;Chiwa et al, 2003), in Taiwan (Simon et al, 2016). Galeket al (2016) analysed urban dew water formation efficiency and chemistry at sites near Wroclaw, Poland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

Nath

Yadav

2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Fog and dew, formed via different formation mechanisms, are suitable to study the liquid-gas-solid phase chemical interactions in the ambient atmosphere. A total of 24 fog and 19 dew samples were collected using Caltech Active Strand Cloud water Collector 2 and dew condensers, respectively, over New Delhi during winter months of 2014-15 and were characterised for pH and soluble inorganic ion using ion chromatograph. Dew samples were alkaline (pH = 6.26 ± 0.37) in comparison to natural rainwater pH of 5.6 and fog collected at rooftop (pH = 5.38 ± 1.3) and at ground level (pH = 5.96 ± 0.3). The volume weighted mean equivalents of cations followed the order NH ) and dew (Ca 2+ > NH 4 + > Mg 2+ ). The differences in the fog and dew composition are primarily linked to their formation processes.The agricultural fields and fossil fuel combustion were sources for ammonium, sulphates, nitrate and nitrite whereas locally resuspended crustal materials added calcium and magnesium carbonates. Vehicular and plant emissions, biomass burning and the oxidation of volatile organic compounds seems to be responsible for higher organic acids in dew and fog.

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“…The mean concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 have been reported as 21.69 and 51.56 mg/L, respectively, on normal days, that is, over 2.48 and 1.79 times higher than on hazy days, respectively [18]. Thus, water vapor condensation is clearly involved in the settling of airborne particles [19], making dew condensation an effective method of their sedimentation and removal. However, a relationship between dew and airborne particle concentrations, that is, one that reflects the chemical transformation of atmospheric pollutants in condensation processes under various conditions, has yet to be established.…”

Section: Advances In Meteorologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing Dew as an Indicator and an Improver of Near-Surface Air Quality

Xu¹,

Zhu²

2017

Advances in Meteorology

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The relationship between dew and airborne particles is important in urban ecosystems, but the capability of dew to remove airborne particles remains unclear. During 2015 in Changchun, China, 74 dew and particle samples were collected simultaneously to investigate their chemical characteristics under normal, fog, and haze conditions. Analyses included measuring total dissolved solids, total suspended particulates, PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations, major cations (NH 4 + , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ), major anions (F − , Cl − , SO 4 2− , and NO 3 − ), and organic and elemental carbon. Results showed that air quality deteriorated during haze but improved in fog. The particle size distributions, major cations, and carbonaceous species documented in the dew and airborne particles demonstrated consistent synchronous patterns with values descending in the order haze > normal > fog conditions. We found that dew is a good indicator of near-surface air quality. Specifically, its water-soluble ions and carbonaceous species could be used to distinguish emission sources and to identify the presence of secondary organic carbon. Dew is more effective at removing airborne particles in normal weather than in haze or fog conditions; PM 2.5 removal rates were 21.5%, 15.2%, and 13.7% on normal, foggy, and hazy days, respectively. Dew condensation processes reduce concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants in the near-surface layer.

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Chemical Composition of Dew Resulting from Radiative Cooling at a Semi-arid Site in Agra, India

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization and Source Discovery of Wintertime Fog on Coastal Island, Bangladesh

Characterization and Source Discovery of Wintertime Fog on Coastal Island, Bangladesh

A Comparative Study on Fog and Dew Water Chemistry at New Delhi, India

Recognizing Dew as an Indicator and an Improver of Near-Surface Air Quality

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