Chemical composition, free radical scavenging and antifungal activity ofZanthoxylumleprieuriiessential oils against Epidermophytonfloccosum and Trichophytonrubrum

Abstract

ABSTRACT-Background: These investigations were carried out to analyze the chemical composition, to evaluate the radical scavenging, and the anti-fungal activities of essential oils from leaves and fruits of Zanthoxylumleprieurii.Methods: Oils were obtained by hydro distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus. The compounds were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Antifungal activity of the essential oils was tested in vitro against Epidermophytonfloccosum and Trichophytonrubrumwhile free radical scavenging activity evaluation was done using 2,2-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl method. Results:Results showed that, the major components of the leaves oil were (E)-ß-ocimene (91.5 %) while the most abundant component from fruits oil were (E)-ß-Ocimene (90.3 %). The total growth inhibition of the pathogens by fruits essential oil occurred at 4.0 mg/ml and 3.0 mg/ml respectively, forEpidermophytonfloccosum and Trichophytonrubrum. The leaves oil exhibited total growth inhibition at 4.0 mg/ml against both pathogens. These oils also showed antioxidant activities with SC50 values at 2.0 mg/ml and 5.0 mg/ml respectively, for fruits and leaves. There were positive and significant correlations between mycelia growth inhibition of both pathogens and the antioxidant activities of the tested oils noted. Conclusion:These results showed that, Z. leprieurii essential oils could be used as a resource of antioxidant and antidermatophitic compounds with may find applications in pharmaceutical industries.

Seasonal Effect on the Chemical Composition, Insecticidal Properties and Other Biological Activities of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. Essential Oils

“…However, temperature variations were low during the collection period, with temperature ranging from 28.40 • C to 25.00 • C. The trends observed for these two variables in addition to those of relative humidity and daylight confirm that the months of May, June, October and November represent rainy season months; while those of July, August and September were dry season months. Results (Tables 2-4, in bold) showed that essential oil yields obtained in this study (0.02 to 0.04% (w/w) for leaves, 0.86 to 1.20% (w/w) for trunk bark and 1.13 to 1.51% (w/w) for fruits) were consistent with those found in the literature [18,40]. Essential oil yields seem dependent on meteorological variations, as, for each organ, the highest yields were observed in July and August, the collecting moment when the lowest precipitations and temperatures were recorded.…”

“…High DPPH free radical scavenging activity was also described in leaf essential oils from other Zanthoxylum species; with an IC 50 value of 27.00 ± 0.1 µg/mL for Indian samples [58]. However, our results strongly differed to those of Tchabong [40], who obtained IC 50 values of 770 µg/mL and 1800 µg/mL for Z. leprieurii fruit and leaf oils from Cameroon, respectively. Those differences in antioxidant properties of essential oil samples from the same species and families collected at different sites and at different periods are probably due to differences in their chemical compositions.…”

“…Z. leprieurii leave essential oils thus exhibiting various chemotypes: for example, we describe here a chemotype with high proportions of dendrolasin. Moreover, the essential oil composition reported from Nigeria and Cameroon was dominated by limonene (94.90%) [19] and ocimene (91.5%) [40], showing that environmental or genetic factors impact essential oil compositions. Most of the major compounds that were detected in leaf essential oils are already known for their beneficial biological activities, such as insecticidal, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.…”

“…x FOR PEER REVIEW 1 of 26The essential oils hydrodistillated from Z. leprieurii fruits during different months mainly contained monoterpenes hydrocarbons, which is in agreement with the chemical composition of fruit essential oils of the same species studied in Cameroon. Indeed, two different studies conducted in two distinct Cameroon sites showed citronellol (29.90%[20]; 17.37%[17]) and (E)-β-ocimene (44%[40]; 90.30%[49]) as the major compounds. Nevertheless, the chemical compositions characterized here are different from those already described.…”

Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activities of Essential Oils from Endemic Plants of Côte d’Ivoire: Zanthoxylum mezoneurispinosum Ake Assi and Zanthoxylum psammophilum Ake Assi

“…The genus Zanthoxylum, family of Rutaceae, contains approximately 250 species that are distributed in subtropical and tropical climates in America, Africa, Asia, and Australia [1]. This genus is well-known for its interesting biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer properties [2,3,4,5,6,7]. These properties help to explain the extensive use of these plants in traditional medicine to treat a range of diseases, including anemia, cancer, sickle cell disease, infertility, rheumatism, osteoarthritis, and dysentery [8].…”