Chemical Composition, Degradation Characteristics and Effect of Tannin on Digestibility of Some Browse Species from Kenya Harvested during the Wet Season

Osuga, Isaac M.; Abdulrazak, S. A.; Ichinohe, Toshiyoshi; Fujihara, Tsutomu

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.54

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…All the browse species evaluated in this study had a low to moderate content of NDF, ADF and ADL, except B. micrantha, which tended to show high fiber contents. In our earlier study, B. micrantha also showed a higher fiber content, even during the wet season (Osuga et al . 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Osuga

Abdulrazak

Ichinohe

et al. 2006

Animal Science Journal

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The potential nutritional value of six species of browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season were evaluated by chemical composition, in sacco dry matter (DM) degradation and in vitro gas production technique. The effect of tannins on the rumen fermentation of the forage was evaluated using polyethylene glycol (PEG) in an in vitro study. The chemical composition of the species of browse forage differed significantly (P < 0.05). The content of organic matter ranged from 846.7 to 946.5 g/kg DM. The forage had a high crude protein content (155.5-280.9 g/kg DM) and variable content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 236.2-682.8 g/kg DM). The content of total extractable tannins was generally low (0.6-38.5 g/kg DM). At 24 h of incubation, the in sacco DM disappearance ranged from 31.2% to 84.2%. The effective DM degradability also ranged from 29.7 to 73.5%. The gas production after 96 h incubation ranged from 17.5 to 44.2 mL/ 200 mg DM. Use of PEG indicated that tannins had an inhibitory effect on rumen microbial fermentation and this is dependant upon the amount and activity of the tannins present. The estimated in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy also increased numerically with the PEG addition. The result of this study indicates that such species of browse forage have the potential to be used as feed supplements for ruminants, especially during the dry season.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The chemical composition of the browse forages was generally comparable to those reported in the literature for browse species (Abdulrazak et al . 2000; Bakshi & Wadhwa 2004; Osuga et al . 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Osuga

Abdulrazak

Ichinohe

et al. 2006

Animal Science Journal

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“…High content of tannins present in such browse forages has been shown to be the major drawback in their use as protein supplements 19. The high content of TET in A. nilotica , A. brevispica and A. seyal has been reported in other studies on Acacia forage from east Africa 3, 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Therefore, the differences in gas production among the various species could be due to the amount of substrate fermented and the SCFAs produced upon substrate fermentation. The differences in the rates and extent of the fermentation of the various browse species could be related to the differences in their chemical compositions, especially the CP, fibre and tannin composition 19. For instance, the low extent and rate of gas production in A. nilotica and A. seyal could be related to the comparatively low CP content and high fibre and tannin content of the species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential nutritive value and tannin bioassay of selected Acacia species from Kenya

et al. 2007

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Six Acacia forage species-A. brevispica, A. elatior, A. mellifera, A. nilotica, A. senegal and A. seyal -were analysed for their chemical composition, including phenolics and rumen fermentation characteristics. In vitro gas production technique was used to study the rumen fermentation characteristics and the effect of tannins present in the browse forages on in vitro fermentation by including polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) in the incubation. The forages had high crude protein content (145.7-270.1 g kg −1 DM) and low to moderate content of neutral detergent fibre (220.2-442.8 g kg −1 DM). The forages had variable content of total extractable phenolics ranging from 18.4 to 384.2 g kg −1 DM and total extractable tannins ranging from 7.1 to 364.8 g kg −1 DM (tannic acid equivalent). Fractionation of the condensed tannin flavonoids showed that the delphinidin/cyanidin ratio ranged from not detected:100 to 71:29. The gas production potential ranged from 28.4 to 40.8 mL gas 0.2 g −1 DM. The rate of gas production was highest in A. elatior and lowest in A. nilotica. Addition of PEG-6000 increased gas production significantly (P < 0.05) in all species except A. mellifera. PEG-6000 addition did not have any significant effect on in vitro true dry matter and organic matter degradability but decreased the partitioning factor in all the species. Gas production and degradability parameters correlated positively with the CP content and negatively with the fibre and phenolics contents. Based on chemical composition, gas production and degradability, the forages have high potential nutritive value, especially as supplements to low-quality feeds in the tropics and particularly during the dry season. However, the presence of tannins in terms of high levels and biological antinutritive activity may limit the nutritive potential of some of the forages, such as A. seyal and A. nilotica.

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“…Fibre and lignin components have the ability to limit in vitro ruminal fermentation. It was reported by [22,23] that negative correlations exists between NDF, ADF, ADL and rate and extent of gas production (GP) in tannin containing browse species. The reduction in microbial activity could be in response to the lower proportions of cell contents and hence a lower concentration of readily available nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In vitro</i> ruminal fermentation of leaves from three tree forages in response to incremental levels of polyethylene glycol

Edwards¹,

Mlambo²,

Lallo³

et al. 2012

OJAS

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Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a phenol binding agent has been used extensively to measure the biological activity of tannins in forage species. The optimum inclusion rate of PEG, per unit weight of sample varies from species to species. Determining optimum inclusion levels can prevent wastage and reduce the cost of diagnosing the biological activity of tannins, especially in developing countries. This study was designed to determine the optimum PEG inclusion levels required to completely ameliorate in vitro ruminal bioactivity of tannins in leaves from Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium and Trichanthera gigantea using the Reading Pressure Technique. Fermentation parameters were generated by fitting gas production data to the Orskov and on-linear equation: . An asymptotic response to incremental levels of PEG was observed with cumulative gas production at 48 h post inoculation. The minimum level of PEG required to maximize in vitro ruminal fermentation of tree leaves was found to be 200 mg PEG/g DM for all tree species. Gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c) showed an increase (P < 0.05) upon PEG addition for all species. In vitro organic matter degradability (iOMD) declined (P < 0.05) in the leaves of G. sepium (565 -540 g/kg DM) whereas, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in the iOMD of T. gigantea leaves (328 -340 g/kg DM) upon PEG addition. Partitioning factor (PF) declined (P < 0.05) upon PEG addition for all species. Predicted metabolizable energy was highest (P < 0.05) in the leaves of G. sepium (8.7 MJ/kg DM) and lowest in T. gigantea leaves (5.4 MJ/kg DM) upon PEG addition. It is concluded that a PEG inclusion level of 200 mg/g DM sample is sufficient for the diagnosis of in vitro ruminal tannin biological activity in leaves of the three tree species.

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Chemical Composition, Degradation Characteristics and Effect of Tannin on Digestibility of Some Browse Species from Kenya Harvested during the Wet Season

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Potential nutritive value and tannin bioassay of selected Acacia species from Kenya

<i>In vitro</i> ruminal fermentation of leaves from three tree forages in response to incremental levels of polyethylene glycol

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Chemical Composition, Degradation Characteristics and Effect of Tannin on Digestibility of Some Browse Species from Kenya Harvested during the Wet Season

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Degradation characteristics and tannin bioassay of some browse forage from Kenya harvested during the dry season

Potential nutritive value and tannin bioassay of selected Acacia species from Kenya

&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; ruminal fermentation of leaves from three tree forages in response to incremental levels of polyethylene glycol

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<i>In vitro</i> ruminal fermentation of leaves from three tree forages in response to incremental levels of polyethylene glycol