Chemical Composition, Antioxidants, Antibacterial, and Insecticidal Activities of Origanum elongatum (Bonnet) Emberger & Maire Aerial Part Essential Oil from Morocco

Abstract

The aim of this research is to profile the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the aerial parts of Origanum elongatum (O. elongatum) and to evaluate its antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities on Ceratitis capitata adults. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed a total of 27 constituents in EO of O. elongatum, which accounted for 99.08% of its constituents. Carvacrol (57.32%) was a main component, followed by p-cymene (14.70%) and γ-terpinene (9.84%). The antioxidant activity of O. elongatum EO was investigated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power), and TCA (the total antioxidant capacity) methods. This EO exhibited a remarkable antiradical and reducing power against DPPH (IC50 = 2.855 ± 0.018μL/mL), FRAP (EC0.5 = 0.124 ± 0.013µL/mL) and TCA (IC50 = 14.099 ± 0.389 mg AAE/g of the EO). The antibacterial tests in vitro, using the disc and dilution methods, were carried out on nine pathogenic bacteria isolated from the hospital patients, such as Enterococcus faecalis, Serratia fonticola, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinétobacter baumannii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae sensible, E.coli sensible, E.coli resistante, and Enterobacter aerogenes. The EO demonstrated a considerable antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from 2 to 8 µL/mL against all strains except Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 32 µL/mL). Regarding the insecticidal activity, the fumigation test indicated a high efficacy (100% mortality), and a lethal dose of LD50 = 17 ± 0.53 μL/L air was found after 24 h of exposureTherefore, O. elongatum EO could be utilized as a natural antioxidant, antibiotic and biopesticides.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, and Antihyperglycemic Activities ofCrataegus monogynaJacq Aqueous Extract

“…This variation could be attributed to the samples’ geographical origin, climatic and ecological conditions, harvest season and drying process, extraction procedures, and solvent type used. 9,38…”

“…We assume that the aqueous extract of C monogyna with significant antioxidant activity was richer in flavonoid compounds with free-radical scavenging activity, which is strictly linked to the structure of the flavonoid compound itself, which has been proven in numerous studies to be related to the structure and anti-free-radical activity of flavonoids. 9,38 This structure requires 3 criteria, the ortho-dihydroxy structure on the B ring, the C2-C3 double bond in conjunction with the 4-oxo function, and the presence of OH group in positions 3 and 5 in combination with the C2-C3 double bond which gives maximum antiradical activity. The HPLC analyses confirm this hypothesis, given the presence of 2 powerful flavonoids as antioxidants, namely catechin and rutin, the latter is also known to have anti-inflammatory effects, and anticancer properties and to reduce the deleterious effect of oxidized bad cholesterol.…”

“…This variation could be attributed to the samples' geographical origin, climatic and ecological conditions, harvest season and drying process, extraction procedures, and solvent type used. 9,38 Biological activities Antioxidant Activity of C monogyna Extract. The DPPH radical is commonly utilized to assess the capacity of substances to serve as radical scavengers or hydrogen donors and to evaluate their antioxidant properties.…”

Mediterranean Plants as Potential Source of Biopesticides: An Overview of Current Research and Future Trends

“…Other applications of the method include screening against human pathogens. For instance, essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of Origanum elongatum were tested against nine pathogenic bacteria isolated from hospital patients [ 110 ], whereas essential oils from Pistacia atlantica were assayed against 12 human pathogens, 9 bacterial strains and 3 fungal strains [ 69 ].…”

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts

“…The study of antibacterial activities and other biological properties of essential oils was included in three other research articles. The essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of Origanum elongatum from Morocco exhibited remarkable antiradical and reducing power [5]. On the other hand, this essential oil was demonstrated to have antibacterial effects against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia fonticola, and Acinetobacter baumannii.…”