Chemical Composition, Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Volatile Fractions of Convolvulus althaeoides L. Roots from Tunisia

Abstract

The antifungal drugs currently available and mostly used for the treatment of candidiasis exhibit the phenomena of toxicity and increasing resistance. In this context, plant materials might represent promising sources of antifungal agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate for the first time the chemical content of the volatile fractions (VFs) along with the antifungal and anti-biofilm of Convolvulus althaeoides L. roots. The chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector and mass spectrometry. In total, 73 and 86 chemical compounds were detected in the n-hexane (VF1) and chloroform (VF2) fractions, respectively. Analysis revealed the presence of four main compounds: n-hexadecenoic acid (29.77%), 4-vinyl guaiacol (12.2%), bis(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate (9.69%) and eicosane (3.98%) in the VF extracted by hexane (VF1). n-hexadecenoic acid (34.04%), benzyl alcohol (7.86%) and linoleic acid (7.30%) were the main compounds found in the VF extracted with chloroform (VF2). The antifungal minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the obtained fractions against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis were determined by the micro-dilution technique and values against Candida spp. ranged from 0.87 to 3.5 mg/mL. The biofilm inhibitory concentrations (IBF) and sustained inhibition (BSI) assays on C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were also investigated. The VFs inhibited biofilm formation up to 0.87 mg/mL for C. albicans, up to 1.75 mg/mL against C. glabrata and up to 0.87 mg/mL against C. tropicalis. The obtained results highlighted the synergistic mechanism of the detected molecules in the prevention of candidosic biofilm formation.

Convolvulus arvensis: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Properties of Chemically Profiled Essential Oils: An Approach against Nosocomial Infections

“…Candida albicans were strongly inhibited by Convolvulus althaeoides L. extracts, which is in agreement with the present results. Moreover, antifungal results investigated in this study agreed with previous works on antifungal effects of volatile fractions of Convolvulus althaeoides L. root [32].…”

“…The antibacterial activity of Convolvulus arvensis EO was tested against clinically important pathogens such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus, while results showed that EOCA possesses an important antibacterial effect against all strains. These results can be explained by the richness of EOCA in bioactive compounds recognized by their antibacterial properties such as thymol, carvacrol, and O-Cymene [31,32]. The obtained results in this work were comparable to those reported elsewhere [49][50][51][52].…”

“…Most notably, EOCA was importantly comprised of sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (66%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (22%) (Table 1 and Figure 1). The yield of recovered EOs from Convolvulus arvensis was 0.34%, which is comparable to that recorded in earlier work for Convolvulus althaeoides (0.007%) [31,32]. The chemical composition analysis showed that EOCA was found to be rich in O-Cymene, thymol, himachalene, longifolene, cuprenene, carvacrol, and cadinene (Table 1).…”

Production of natural flavor compounds using Bacillus subtilis-fermented soybean meal extract and their biological potential: a comprehensive in vitro study

“…Additionally, other studies have investigated the effects of eucalyptol on different cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and skin cancer ( 56 ). These studies have reported varying degrees of cytotoxic effects, including inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death), and disruption of cancer cell signaling pathways ( 57 , 58 ).…”

Ecotoxic effect of agriculture and environmental important bioinoculant effective microorganism (EM) derived metabolites on microbial agro active agents

“…EM treated with acetone cell free extracts revealed many bioactive compounds, among those few compounds are Decanoic Acid, N-Hexadecenoic Acid, 1,3-Hexanediol, 2-Ethyl-, Sulfuric Acid Dibutyl Ester, 2-Amino-1,3-Propanediol, Butyric Acid, 2-Phenyl-etc. Previous studies have shown n-hexadecanoic acid, an abundant compound in VF1 and VF2, to be antifungal at concentrations of 2 mM, preventing mycelial growth and spore production by 37% and 71%, respectively (Hrichi et al, 2022) E X H I B I T GCMS analysis of EM treated with petroleum ether cell free extracts.…”