Chemical Composition and Trypanocidal Activity of the Essential Oils from Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig (Zingiberaceae)

Abstract

The composition of the essential oils (EO) from leaves and rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium was analyzed both by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Thirty and thirty-nine compounds were identified, respectively, in the oils from leaves and rhizomes, representing 88% and 86.1% of the whole compositions. Caryophyllene oxide is the major component in rhizomes while 1,8-cineole predominates in leaves oil. Essential oils and major components were tested for trypanocidal activity using procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei (427 and 29-13 strains). The cytotoxicity index (CI 50 ), using the MTT colorimetric method, showed that essential oils and 1,8-cineole were inactive (>100 g⋅mL −1 . Nevertheless, caryophyllene oxide revealed a remarkable activity against both T. brucei strains (CI 50 = 65.77 g⋅mL −1 and 24.53 g⋅mL −1 , resp.), and the synergism between caryophyllene oxide plus pentamidine (1 : 1, v/v) highly increased the trypanocidal activity (<1.0 g⋅mL −1 ).

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Hedychium flavum Rhizome

“…However, in our study, the coronarin E is the most predominant constituent, which has not been detected in previous H. flavum EO studies. The coronarin E has previously been reported in other Hedychium species EO, such as H. coronarium ( Rodrigues et al., 2013 ; Ray et al., 2018b ; Ray et al., 2019 ), H. acumnatum ( Weyerstahl et al., 1995 ) and H. gardnerianum ( Weyerstahl et al., 1998 ). To our knowledge, the coronarin E, as the most predominant constituent, was identified for the first time in H. flavum EO.…”

Composition of essential oils of four Hedychiumspecies from Vietnam

“…The volatile constituents of the various parts of H. coronarium from other parts of the world have been reported [19–34]. Although ubiquitous monoterpenes and sesquiterpeens were the main components of these oils, the identities of these compounds differed from one another.…”

“…Hedychium coronarium afforded oils whose major constituents were β -pinene (20.0%), linalool (15.8%), α -pinene (10.1%), 1,8-cineole (10.7%) and α -terpineol (8.6%) in the leaf while the root consists mainly of β -pinene (23.6%), α -humulene (17.1%), β -caryophyllene (13.0%), α -pinene (6.9%) and elemol (6.9%). The volatile constituents of the various parts of H. coronarium from other parts of the world have been reported [ 19 – 34 ]. Although ubiquitous monoterpenes and sesquiterpeens were the main components of these oils, the identities of these compounds differed from one another.…”

“…In addition, a diterpenoid Galanal B, known for the regulation of blood glucose levels [ 14 ], benzoyl eugenol and ethoxy coronarin D [ 15 ], cytotoxic coronarin D [ 16 ], cytotoxic diterpenoids and diarylheptanoid [ 17 ] and hepatoprotective constituents [ 18 ] were the other notable compounds present in the plant. The chemical constituents of essential oils of various parts of H. coronarium have been documented with many chemotypic forms [ 19 – 34 ].…”

Chemical Composition and Anti-Candida and Anti- Trypanosoma cruzi Activities of Essential Oils from the Rhizomes and Leaves of Brazilian Species of Renealmia L. fil.

“…Plants of the family Zingiberaceae are well known for producing essential oils (EOs) that are used to prevent and control several diseases, according to descriptive and biological studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”