Chemical Composition and Hypoglycemic and Pancreas-Protective Effect of Leaf Essential Oil from Indigenous Cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira)

Abstract

The antidiabetic effect of cinnamon has generated broad interest during the past decade. We investigated the hypoglycemic activity and pancreas-protective effect of leaf essential oil from indigenous cinnamon (CO) in diabetic rats induced with streptozotocin (STZ, iv, 65 mg/(kg bw)) and found linalool to be the major component representing 40.24% of the CO composition. In diabetics, all tested doses of CO significantly lowered fasting blood glucose and fructosamine and are concomitant with elevated plasma and pancreatic insulin levels under a fasting condition. However, during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) period the effect of 25 and 50 mg/(kg bw) of CO was shown to be less effective than that of 12.5 mg/(kg bw) in ameliorating the accumulation of plasma insulin. In addition, at 12.5 mg/(kg bw), CO significantly ameliorated pancreatic values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase in diabetics to an extent greater than that of higher CO doses. At doses 12.5 and 25 but not 50 mg/(kg bw), CO significantly ameliorated pancreatic levels of interleukin-1β and nitric oxide. In conclusion, appropriate doses of CO of the linalool chemotype exhibited therapeutic potential in glycemic control in diabetes that was at least partially resulted from improved insulin secretion. The ameliorated oxidative stress and proinflammatory environment in the pancreas by CO may provide a protective effect on pancreatic β cells and warrant further investigation.

Cinnamon: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant

“…In a recent study [114], suitable doses of cinnamon (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) of the linalool chemotype were found to help with glycemic control in diabetics due to enhanced insulin secretion. It is plausible that the amelioration of oxidative stress and the proinflammatory environment in the pancreas may confer protection to pancreatic β cells [114], which should be further investigated.…”

“…It is plausible that the amelioration of oxidative stress and the proinflammatory environment in the pancreas may confer protection to pancreatic β cells [114], which should be further investigated.…”

Essential Oil from Clove Bud (<i>Eugenia aromatica</i> Kuntze) Inhibit Key Enzymes Relevant to the Management of Type-2 Diabetes and Some Pro-oxidant Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Pancreas <i>in vitr</i><i>o</i>

“…The EC50 values for acarbose inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities are 18.63 mg/mL and 21.1 mg/mL respectively. Essential oils have been discovered to play a crucial role in carbohydrate catabolism via inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and can be possibly used as nutraceuticals for the prevention and/ or management of diabetes [26][27][28] . The inhibitory effects of the oil on these enzymes could therefore be the possible mechanism by which it can be used in the management/ treatment of diabetes.…”

Theoretical and experimental studies on the separation of cinnamyl acetate and cinnamaldehyde by adsorption onto a β-cyclodextrin polyurethane polymer

“…4 Natural cinnamon oil contains a variety of chemical components, mainly including cinnamaldehyde (CA, 70-88%), o-methoxycinnamaldehyde (4-12%), cinnamyl acetate (CAc, 0.5-10%), and benzaldehyde (0.5-1%), and so forth. 5 Each of the major components in cinnamon oil can be widely utilized in many aspects of our society. 6 For example, the main component CA is widely used in medicine, spices and chemical industry due to the characteristics of sterilization, preservation and lasting aroma.…”