Chemical composition and decomposition rate of plants used as green manure

Silva, Gabriela Tavares Arantes; Matos, Laudiceio Viana; Nóbrega, Pedro de Oliveira; Carneiro, Eduardo Francia; Resende, Alexander Silva de

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162008000300010

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared to nutrient-poor species, the concentrations of P, K, S, and B in most nutrient-rich species was twoto fourfold higher. Variation among plant species is well-known, and has previously also been reported for green-manure crops (Marstorp and Kirchmann, 1991;Sorensen, 1992;Silva et al, 2008). However, within a plant species, the chemical composition is influenced by the developmental stage.…”

Section: Nutrient-rich Mobile-green-manure Crops (Experiments 1)mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Previously, it has been demonstrated that the release of nutrients from organic material is very much influenced by the concentration of carbon in relation to the concentration of nutrients (especially C : N, C : P, and C : S), and to the concentration of highly resistant constituents such as lignin and cellulose (Frankenberger and Abdelmagid, 1985;Eriksen et al, 2004;Müller and von Fragstein und Niemsdorff, 2006;Ha et al, 2008). Both Müller and von Fragstein und Niemsdorff (2006) and Silva et al (2008) found that the lignin-to-N ratio was highly correlated with the N release.…”

Section: Nutrient-rich Mobile-green-manure Crops (Experiments 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plant‐based fertilizers for organic vegetable production

Sørensen

Thorup‐Kristensen

2011

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To ensure high yield and quality in organic vegetable production, crops often require additional fertilizer applied during the season. Due to the risk of contamination of edible plant products from slurry, plant-based fertilizers may be used as an alternative. The purpose of our work was to develop mobile green manures with specific high nutrient concentrations (e.g., nitrogen [N], sulfur [S], and phosphorus [P]) that are released quickly after soil incorporation and that are easy to handle during storage and application. To distinguish from traditional green manures that are grown to improve soil fertility, the term "mobile green manures" is used for green-manure crops that are harvested in one field and then moved as a whole and used as fertilizer in other fields. To further investigate mobile-green-manure crops for use as efficient fertilizers, pot and field experiments were conducted with cauliflower (Brassica oleracea botrytis) and kale (Brassica oleracea sabellica) supplied with organic matter consisting of a wide range of plant species with varying nutrient concentrations. Further, field experiments were conducted with leek (Allium porrum) and celery (Apium graveolens dulce) supplied with increasing amounts of organic matter consisting of fresh, ensiled, or dried green manures. Results show that garden sorrel (Rumex acetosa), dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria), and fodder radish (Raphanus sativus) harvested with a high leaf-to-stem ratio resulted in high P concentration, and cruciferous crops in high S concentration. Dyer's woad, salad burnet (Sanguisorba minor), and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) showed high boron (B) concentration, whereas species such as dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), chicory (Cichorium intybus), and garden sorrel showed high potassium (K) concentration. Green manures with high P and S concentrations increased the nutrient uptake and yield of pot-grown cauliflower and kale. Field experiments showed that the production of cauliflower and kale decreased when the carbon-to-nitrogen (C : N) ratio of applied green manure increased. In kale, for example, application of 160 kg N ha -1 in early harvested lucerne (Medicago sativa) with a C : N ratio of 10 resulted in the highest kale production whereas application of an equal amount of N in late harvested lucerne with a C : N ratio of 20 produced 34% less. Differences in vegetable production were not due to the amount of N applied, but to the N availability. Field experiments with fresh, ensiled, or dry green manure applied to leek and celery showed that the C : N ratio has to be low to get a fast response. Further, these field experiments demonstrate the importance of green manures, which can be stored and are easy to handle during transport, crop application, and soil incorporation. It is concluded that it is possible to produce green manures with high concentrations of S, P, K, and B, and low C : N ratios and that these properties have a great impact on the value of the green manure for vegetable production.

show abstract

Section: Nutrient-rich Mobile-green-manure Crops (Experiments 1)mentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Nutrient-rich Mobile-green-manure Crops (Experiments 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐based fertilizers for organic vegetable production

Sørensen

Thorup‐Kristensen

2011

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The amounts of N fixed from the atmosphere by diazotrophic bacteria associated with legumes may be substantial and vary from 30 to more than 200 kg ha -1 N (Herridge et al, 2008, Silva et al, 2008. Ambrosano (2009) studied the fate of nitrogen from green manure legumes and found that the efficiency of using this nitrogen source by maize was 30%, for the above-ground part of sunn hemp incorporated to an Ultisol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

15N-labeled nitrogen from green manure and ammonium sulfate utilization by the sugarcane ratoon

Ambrosano¹,

Cantarella²,

Ambrosano

et al. 2011

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Legumes as green manure are alternative sources of nitrogen (N) for crops and can supplement or even replace mineral nitrogen fertilization due to their potential for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The utilization of nitrogen by sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) fertilized with sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) and ammonium sulfate (AS) was evaluated using the 15N recovery was evaluated in the two first harvests. In the sum of the three harvests, the highest stalk yields were obtained with a combination of green manure and inorganic N fertilizer; however, in the second cutting the yields were higher where SH was used than in plots with AS. N foi avaliada nas duas primeiras colheitas. Na soma das três safras, os maiores rendimentos de colmos foram obtidos com uma combinação de adubos verdes e fertilizantes N inorgânicos, mas, no segundo corte rendimentos superiores foram observados nos tratamentos com CJ em comparação com os observados com SA. A recuperação de N nas primeiras duas safras consecutivas representou 19 a 21% do N aplicado como adubo verde e 46 a 49% do N aplicado como SA. As quantidades de N inorgânico derivado das fontes marcadas, presentes na camada 0-0,4 m do solo na primeira safra após a aplicação do N foram inferiores a 1 kg ha -1 .

show abstract

“…Repeated green manure applications can provide more long-term Kimaro et al, 2007;Makumba et al, 2007) or more short-term (Sangakkara et al, 2004;Reddy et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2008) benefits. However, there are not always positive effects (Pandey & Rai, 2007;Marin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Responses of Maize to Organic and Mineral Fertilizers at Different Inclinations in Tropical Smallholder Farming Systems

Egodawatta¹,

Stamp²,

Sangakkara³

2013

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A field study was conducted on the potential of Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.) to enhance productivity of degraded soils. Maize was cropped in a hilly region of Sri Lanka with and without the recommended mineral fertilization, in two major seasons, October-January in 2007/8 (Year 1) and in 2008/9 (Year 2) on 92 farms at two inclinations: Flat (0-10%) and Moderate (10-30%). On half the farms, green manure (Gliricidia leaves) was added (3 tonnes per hectare per season). NPK boosted production to a very respectable mean grain yield of 4.2 t/ha on Flat farms. At ZERO, the yield was lower by 60%, irrespective of the inclination. Gliricidia failed to replace the required nitrogen, even with an adequate supply of phosphorous and potassium (PK). In contrast, together with NPK, Gliricidia increased yields by 15-20% compared to NPK alone, while the gain was 35% at ZERO. Fields in the Moderate category were more responsive to green manure and mineral fertilizers. The high response to mineral fertilizers indicated that the degradation of the soils resulted to a greater extent in chemical rather than in physical deficits. But intensive cropping reduced the soil organic matter within two years, to some extent slowed down by Gliricidia green manure. Therefore an intense cropping for the sake of food security must be accompanied by soil conserving cropping systems.

show abstract

Chemical composition and decomposition rate of plants used as green manure

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Plant‐based fertilizers for organic vegetable production

Plant‐based fertilizers for organic vegetable production

15N-labeled nitrogen from green manure and ammonium sulfate utilization by the sugarcane ratoon

Yield Responses of Maize to Organic and Mineral Fertilizers at Different Inclinations in Tropical Smallholder Farming Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About