Chemical Composition and Biological Evaluation of Typha domingensis Pers. to Ameliorate Health Pathologies: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

Abstract

Human diseases are becoming more prevalent, necessitating the development of modalities to overcome the challenges of treating various disorders. In the current research, we analyzed the biomedicinal role of Typha domingensis which is an important medicinal plant. The species is traditionally used in the treatment of neurological disorders and skin malignancies. The chloroform (CFTD) and n-butanol fractions of T. domingensis (BFTD) were subjected to chemical profiling through the determination of total polyphenolic contents and GC-MS analysis. The oral toxicity test was applied to investigate the toxicity of the extracts. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by four in vitro methods: DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The pharmacological potential was evaluated through clinically significant enzyme inhibition assays, thrombolytic, and antimicrobial activities. In silico molecular docking approach was applied to confirm the role of T. domingensis against the enzymes. The polyphenolic quantification revealed that the BFTD was comparatively rich in total phenolic and flavonoid contents (97.14 milligrams gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE/g) and 362.5 milligrams quercetin equivalent per gram of dry extract (mg QE/g DE), respectively), as compared to the CFTD. The GC-MS analysis of the CFTD and BFTD resulted in the tentative identification of 67 and 29 compounds, respectively, with the major components of fatty acids and essential oil. The oral toxicity test revealed the safety and biocompatibility of CFTD and BFTD. Both the fractions showed promising antioxidant activity. Tyrosinase was found as the major enzyme inhibited by BFTD (78.67%) and CFTD (68.09%), whereas the standard kojic acid showed 85.58% inhibition. The inhibition results of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by BFTD (71.65 and 60.79%, respectively) are higher than CFTD. Both the fractions were found active against various strains of bacteria. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies of the compounds showed a good docking score against all the docked enzymes among which deoxycaesaldekarin C was found with the highest binding affinities in comparison to the standard. The current study suggests that T. domingensis is nontoxic and can be a potential source of phytoconstituents with promising pharmacological potential.

Metabolic Profiling by GC-MS, In Vitro Biological Potential, and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Verbena officinalis

“…The reducing antioxidant potential of different fractions and methanolic extract of V. officinalis was evaluated by two methods namely cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays in accordance with the modified procedure reported in the literature [ 82 ].…”

Typha Domingensis Polenleri̇nden Bi̇yoakti̇f Bi̇leşi̇kleri̇n Ekstraksi̇yonunda Geleneksel Ve Ultrasoni̇k Yöntemleri̇n Ardişik Kullanimi

“…The ABTS activity significantly increased after ultrasonic treatment (P <0.05) and the values were detected as 4.06±0.08 mg Trolox/g dry matter for ethanol extract and 3.90±0.07 mg Trolox/g dry matter for methanol extract. Dilshad et al (2022) conducted a study evaluating phytochemical potential of methanol extract and n-hexane fraction of T. domingensis. They found the ABTS value of methanolic extract as 114.31 mg Trolox/g dry matter, which is higher than this study.…”

Ensiling Typha (Typha latifolia) Forage with Different Additives for Ruminant Feeding: In Vitro Studies

“…Table 2. Chemical composition (g/kg of dry matter) of typha silages treated with no additive (CON); with formic acid (FA); with urea and molasses (UM); or with formic acid, urea, and molasses (FAUM) of typha biomass before ensiling and of a triticale hay used as a reference 1 . The chemical composition of the typha used in the present study was similar to that reported by de Evan et al [4] for samples of Thypha domingensis collected in Nigeria and by Wingching-Jones and Leal-Rivera [31] for Thypha domingensis collected in Costa Rica.…”

“…is made up of between 10 to 15 species of aquatic plants, commonly known by the name of cattail, which refers to its inflorescence. These plants are distributed throughout tropical and subtropical ecosystems, and are found in moist soils, swamps, marshes, or brackish seas throughout the world [1]. Its characteristics, growth pattern, great adaptability to different environmental conditions, and release of compounds that prevent the growth of other plants, give Typha spp.…”