Chemical composition and bioactivity potential of the new Endosequence BC Sealer formulation HiFlow

Abstract

AimTo evaluate in a laboratory setting the effects of Endosequence BC Sealer HiFlow (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA), a novel calcium silicate‐based sealer developed for use in warm canal filling techniques, on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).MethodologyEluates of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (BCHiF) (Brasseler USA), EndoSequence BC Sealer (BCS) (Brasseler USA) and AH Plus (AHP) (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany) were placed in contact with hPDLSCs. The characterization of the chemical elements of the root canal sealers was assessed using scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (SEM‐EDX). Inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) was used to determine the ion release of the sealers. MTT assay and wound healing techniques were used to determine cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell morphology and cell attachment were assessed using a direct contact technique of hPDLSCs onto the surface of the sealers and analysed by SEM. The bioactivity potential was carried out with the Alizarin Red and qPCR testing methods. The statistical differences were evaluated using one‐way anova and Tukey’s test (P < 0.05).ResultsICP‐MS and EDX revealed significantly more zirconium in BCHiF than BCS (P < 0.05), whereas BCS had slightly higher levels of Ca2+ than BCHiF (P < 0.05). The cell viability assay revealed no relevant differences between BCS and BCHiF when compared with the control group (P > 0.05). Both BCS and BCHiF had similar rates of cell migration to the control group at 24 and 48 h. Cell morphology and adhesion capacity were also similar for BCS and BCHiF groups, whilst the AHP group was associated with reduced adhesion capacity. The Alizarin Red assay revealed a significant difference between the BCS and the control group (P < 0.001), as well as for the BCHiF group (P < 0.001). Finally, BCS and BCHiF promoted overexpression of osteo/cementogenic genes.ConclusionsIn general, EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow possesses suitable biological properties to be safely used as a root canal filling material and promote increased expression of oste/cementogenic genes by hPDLSCs.

Subcutaneous Implantation Assessment of New Calcium-Silicate Based Sealer for Warm Obturation

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in vivo study evaluating TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow biocompatibility in subcutaneous tissue. The present study shows that BC and HiFlow induced lower inflammatory response when compared to AH Plus, rejecting the null hypothesis and confirming that calcium-silicate based sealers present proper biological properties [ 16 , 17 ]. This arises from the basic composition of the sealers and may also be related to the presence of zirconium oxide in BC, which has been associated with lower inflammatory reaction compared to sealers with barium oxide in their composition [ 24 , 25 ].…”

“…Calcium silicate-based sealers showed, in vitro, potential to stimulate osteoblastic differentiation and to promote overexpression of osteo/cementogenic genes [ 13 , 17 ]. Histologically, this capacity is evaluated by the von Kossa staining technique, which allows for the detection of calcium precipitates, in order to assess the bioactivity of these materials [ 25 ].…”

“…It also provides lower viscosity, lower film thickness and higher flow ability when heated, being more radiopaque than its predecessor [ 16 ]. Cell culture cytocompatibility assessment for HiFlow revealed a biocompatibility profile similar to the original BC sealer (BC) [ 16 , 17 ].…”

“…After showing good in vitro results, biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers must include in vivo implantation, in order to have an insight into the subcutaneous connective tissue’s reaction to the materials [ 18 ]. The present study is the first research assessing in vivo biocompatibility of HiFlow after two previous in vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated good biological properties and potential to promote hard tissue formation [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Physico-Chemical Investigation of Endodontic Sealers Exposed to Simulated Intracanal Heat Application: Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers

“…To allow the use of warm obturation techniques together with calcium silicate-based sealers, a new sealer-Total Fill BC Sealer HiFlow (TFHF; FKG Dentaire, La Chaux des Fonds, Switzerland)-was recently introduced [9]. It is labelled to fulfil all requirements for a sealer to be used with warm vertical root canal filling techniques.…”