Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tuber indicum from Different Geographical Regions of China

Abstract

Tuber indicum, an endemic truffle species in eastern Asian, is an edible mushroom that is both an important export and widely distributed across China. Many existing studies on truffles focus on analyzing their taxonomy, population genetics, volatile organic compounds and artificial cultivation of the truffles, while little information is available about their nutrient composition and pharmacological activity, especially the relationship between chemical composition in ascocarps and their geographic distributions. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the chemical composition of T. indicum, including free sugars, fatty acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, and tracks the antioxidant activity of T. indicum ascocarps collected from five geographical regions of four provinces in P. R. China: Hebei, Tibet, Yunnan, and Liaoning province. Our results showed that T. indicum collected from Qujing, Yunnan province, possessed the highest amount of free sugars (23.67 mg/g dw), total flavonoids (2.31 mg/g dw), total phenolics (4.46 mg/g dw) and the highest DPPH and ABTS radical‐scavenging activities. The amount of water‐soluble polysaccharides was the highest (115.24 mg/g dw) in ascocarps from Tibet, the total organic acids was the highest (22.073 mg/g dw) in ascocarps from Gongshan, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were most abundant in those from Hebei province. This study reveals that the quantity of chemical compounds in T. indicum varies by geographical origin. Detecting differences in chemical composition may provide important data for understanding the relationship between environmental factors and truffle formation, as well as quality evaluation of the commercial species T. indicum throughout China.

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycotoxigenic, and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils: An Updated Review

“…hirtum clones) were investigated by using 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), β-carotene bleaching, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, and it was concluded that the geographical difference is a significant factor on the antioxidant activity of studied species. This phenomenon was also reported by several other researchers [ 153 , 154 , 155 ]. In addition to the geographical origin of the plant, harvesting time is another factor that may affect the antioxidant activity [ 156 ].…”

Characterization of Free and Bound Phenolic Acids and Flavonoid Aglycones in Rosa rugosa Thunb. Leaves and Achenes Using LC–ESI–MS/MS–MRM Methods

“…Moreover, the analyses are rapid and suitable for routine testing. The development and validation of the qualitative and quantitative LC-MS/MS method is frequently carried out, especially during plant or fungal chemotaxonomic studies, fingerprint analyses, or comparison of samples from different geographical regions [10][11][12]. There are many LC-MS methods created for the analyses of phenolic compounds.…”

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Free Sugars and Mannitol in Mushrooms Using Corona Charged Aerosol Detection

“…Mushrooms, depending on the stage of growth and morphological part (stipes or caps), are characterized by a different composition of sugars and organic acids, which mainly determine their flavor (Chen et al 2015). The content and profile of sugars and polyols may differ significantly in fruiting bodies of the same species but obtained from different sources (Li et al 2019;Stojković et al 2014).…”