Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) leaf extracts

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to establish the chemical profile of Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) leaf extracts, obtained by conventional maceration technique, and to examine its antimicrobial activity. The identification and quantification of the extract compounds were done using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography, with a diode array detector coupled with triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometer and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques. Thirty‐one polyphenolic compounds were detected and identified in the ethanolic extracts, whereby 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid was found to be the dominant compound. Among other compounds, pentacosane and palmitic acid were the most abundant compounds in the dichloromethane extract. The preliminary antimicrobial activity screening shows that Gram‐positive bacteria tend to be more sensitive to the investigated extracts. The highest antimicrobial activity was determined against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 35152. From these results, Osage orange leaves can be considered as plant material with significant antimicrobial properties.

Comparative study on the chemical composition and biological activity of polyphenolic extracts obtained from Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C.K. Schneid bark and periderm

“…It was concluded that two previously isolated isoflavones from this plant, osajin and pomiferin, are responsible for the antibacterial activity of the fruit extract (Mahmoud 1981). Filip et al (2021) demonstrated that Gram-positive bacteria are often more sensitive to extracts obtained from MP fruits compared to Gram-negative strains. The highest antimicrobial activity was highlighted against the species Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococcus faecalis (Filip et al 2021).…”

“…Various species of M. pomifera are used in traditional medicine worldwide, with the fruits and leaves being primarily utilized in this sense. Existing literature to date also describes the potential use of the tree's bark as a source of bioactive chemical compounds, albeit with limited data to verify this aspect (Filip et al 2021). In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of different extraction methods on the chemical and biological properties of extracts obtained from the bark and periderm of M. pomifera.…”

Widespread use of toxic agrochemicals and pesticides for agricultural products storage in Africa and developing countries: Possible panacea for ecotoxicology and health implications

“…Some chemical compounds such as thiosulfinates, organic acid, flavonoids, phenolics saponin, and glucosinolates can potentially replace synthetic chemical preservatives [ 128 ]. It is well known that the phenolic compounds in plants, such as aliphatic alcohols, isoflavonoids, ketones, acids, aldehydes, and terpenes, are the main component with antimicrobial properties [ 129 ]. The phenolic compounds act as reducing agents, donating hydrogen and suppressing oxygen, producing an antioxidant effect on the product.…”

Biological Application of the Allopathic Characteristics of the Genus Maclura: A Review

“…It has recently been the subject of research since it has been found to contain a high content of lipids and carbohydrates that can be used to produce biofuels, even with characteristics very similar to petroleum-derived fuels [58,62,63]. Additionally, the fruit, bark, leaves, root, and seed have been reported to have a high content of oils, sugars, and compounds such as isoflavones, xanthones, triterpenes, and stilbenes, with isoflavones being the most representative [15].…”

“…The species of this genus are a rich source of bioactive compounds, mainly flavonoids as the principal constituents [1,[10][11][12][13][14]. For example, Maclura pomífera, one of the most studied species, contains isoflavones in the fruits, root, bark, and heartwood of the plant [13][14][15][16][17]. The substantial presence of phenolic compounds within the bark and the occurrence of flavonoids and dibenzophenones within the leaves confer upon it a spectrum of beneficial attributes encompassing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiproliferative activities [1,13,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”