Chemical Composition and Allelopathic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antiacetylcholinesterase Activity of Fish‐mint (Houttuynia cordataThunb.) from India

Abstract

Fish-mint (Houttuynia cordataThunb.), belonging to family Saururaceae, has long been used as food and traditional herbal medicine. The present study was framed to assess the changes occurring in the essential-oil composition of H. cordata during annual growth and to evaluate allelopathic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiacetylcholinesterase activities. The essential-oil content ranged from 0.06 - 0.14% and 0.08 - 0.16% in aerial parts and underground stem, respectively. The essential oils were analysed by GC-FID, GC/MS, and NMR ( H and C). Major constituents of aerial-parts oil was 2-undecanone (19.4 - 56.3%), myrcene (2.6 - 44.3%), ethyl decanoate (0.0 - 10.6%), ethyl dodecanoate (1.1 - 8.6%), 2-tridecanone (0.5 - 8.3%), and decanal (1.1 - 6.9%). However, major constituents of underground-stem oil were 2-undecanone (29.5 - 42.3%), myrcene (14.4 - 20.8%), sabinene (6.0 - 11.1%), 2-tridecanone (1.8 - 10.5%), β-pinene (5.3 - 10.0%), and ethyl dodecanoate (0.8 - 7.3%). Cluster analysis revealed that essential-oil composition varied substantially due to the plant parts and season of collection. The oils exhibited significant allelopathic (inhibition: 77.8 - 88.8%; LD : 2.45 - 3.05 μl/plate), antibacterial (MIC: 0.52 - 2.08 μl/ml; MBC: bacteriostatic) and antifungal (MIC: 2.08 - 33.33 μl/ml; MFC: 4.16 - 33.33 μl/ml) activities. The results indicate that the essential oil from H. cordata has a significant potential to allow future exploration and exploitation as a natural antimicrobial and allelopathic agent.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils Against Salmonella enterica Serotypes Enteritidis and Typhimurium Strains Isolated from Poultry

“…The activity of this EO would be related to the large amount of limonene, sabinene and citronellal. These compounds strongly inhibit C. albicans [22,23,24]. However, S. cerevisiae showed a reduced sensitivity versus other EOs provided of antifungal activity, such as L. cubeba and C. citratus.…”

Therapeutic potentials of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. against inflammation and oxidative stress: A review

“…HC extracts were shown to be effective against various ailments including cancer, diabetes, obesity, lung fibrosis, skin diseases and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (Chang et al, 2001;Du et al, 2012;Kumar et al, 2014;Kwon and Kim, 2014;Lu et al, 2006;Miyata et al, 2010). In addition, HC extracts were also shown to have both anti-bacterial and anti-viral activities against a host of pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, corona and dengue viruses etc (Chiow et al, 2016;Lau et al, 2008;Li et al, 2017;Sekita et al, 2016;Verma et al, 2017). Based upon HC efficacy in improving the immune system of patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome, Chinese experts have also enlisted HC for their national SARS program (Lu et al, 2006).…”

Elevated Bioactivity of Ruta graveolens against Cancer Cells and Microbes Using Seaweeds

“…The 2-undecanone had almost 50% of the antibacterial and antifungal activities values of EO obtained from plants subjected to SWE mixture which is related to the ratio of the 2-undecanone in the EO of these plants. Other reports indicated obvious potential of undecanone and nonanone for microbial control [7,33]. The 2-undecano found in Indian EO of R. graveolens was related to the control of S. aureus growth using the inhibition zone method [7].…”