Chemical components and bioactivity evaluation of extracts from pear (Pyrus UssuriensisMaxim) fruit

Abstract

In order to discover the bioactive metabolites of Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim, the systematic chemical and pharmacological investigations were performed. The ethyl acetate extract of the plant displayed activities against ear edema in mice, with an inhibition rate of 17.1%, at a dose of 400mg/kg in vivo. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate extract showed the best apophlegmatic (inhibition: 49.9%) and antitussive effects (inhibition: 34%) at 800mg/kg in vivo tests, and inhibition of NO production (IC50=0.06 μg/mL). Subsequently, twelve compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract and identified as friedelin (1), daucosterol (2), β‐sitosterol (3), betulinic acid (4), oleanolic acid (5), ursolic acid (6), 2‐O‐buty‐1‐O’‐(2‐ethylhexyl) benzene‐1,8‐dicarboxylate (7), Narcissin (8), 3‐hydroxy‐3‐carboxyl‐glutaric acid dimethyl ester (9), 2‐hydroxyl ‐butanediol icacid‐4‐methyleste (10), myristic acid (11), and (Z)‐11‐hexadecen‐1‐ol acetate (12). Among them, compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 11 exhibited moderate indirect inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide‐induced NO and TNF‐α production. Practical applications Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim is an edible and medical fruit with many functional properties. Unfortunately, few literatures about bioactive components of this fruit have been investigated. The result indicated that P. ussuriensis have obvious anti‐inflammatory, antitussive, and apophlegmatic activities, which were associated with the folk uses of this fruit. Furthermore, this work also suggests a potential use of P. ussuriensis as an important source of natural anti‐inflammatory agents and they may also be considered as a functional food.

Compositional characterization ofPyrus ussuriensisMaxim and their antioxidant activities and induction of apoptosis in Bel‐7402 cell

“…Moreover, the ethyl acetate layer is beneficial to the enrichment of triterpenoids for P. ussuriensis . As an important bioactive chemical component in pears, five triterpenes compounds were isolated from EA of P. ussuriensis in our previous work (Peng et al, 2018).…”

“…Subsequently, eight compounds were isolated from EA. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 5 were determined as β‐sitosterol, oleanolic acid, daucosterol, and narcissin, respectively, in the previous work (Peng et al, 2018) and Compounds 4,6,7, and 8 were determined as (−)‐epicatechin, citric acid‐1‐ethylester, butanedioic acid, 2‐hydroxy‐, 1,4‐diethyl ester, and stearic acid by comparison with an authentic sample.…”

“…In the previous work (Peng et al, 2018), the ethanol extract (CE) was separated into four fractions such as petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), n ‐butanol (BA), and aqueous fractions (AQ), respectively. Subsequently, eight compounds were isolated from EA.…”

“…In our previous work, 15 phenolic compounds were identified by LC‐MS from this pear (Peng, Cheng, Xie, & Yang, 2015). Five pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds were isolated from this pear in our recent studies, which demonstrated obvious anti‐inflammatory activities (Peng, Xie, Li, Li, & Yang, 2018). In addition, 13 phenolic compounds were isolated from the fruits and leaves of P. ussuriensis (Qiu et al, 2018).…”

Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of exocarp, endocarp, and hypanthium of three pear cultivars grown in China

“…Pear (Pyrus communis L.) is one of the most common and widely consumed fruits in the world (Lin and Harnly, 2008;Peng et al, 2018). The desirable taste and high digestibility of pear fruits make them very popular among consumers (Salta et al, 2010).…”