Chemical Compatibility of Silica Aerogel Processes with ICF Hohlraums

DeFriend, Kimberly A.; Espinoza, Brent F.; Nobile, A.; Salazar, Kenneth V.; Day, R. D.; Elliott, N.; Pierce, Timothy; Elliott, Joyce E.; Schmidt, D. W.; Fierro, F.; Sandoval, David; Griego, J.R.; Valdez, Adelaida C.; Droege, Michael

doi:10.13182/fst06-a1189

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…99 Using molds is also an effective method to form particularly complex shapes. [108][109][110] The most common method used for molding is photoinitiated free radical polymerization of a multifunctional acrylic monomer (such as TMPTA) and photo-initiator (benzoin methyl ether), all dissolved in a solvent with low vapor pressure at room temperature. By exposing this solution of monomer and initiator to UV light, free radicals generate uniformly in the bulk.…”

Section: B Molding Porous Materials Into Target Shapes Using Chemicamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of low density porous materials used in laser plasma experiments

2018

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This review describes and categorizes the synthesis and properties of low density porous materials, which are commonly referred to as foams and are utilized for laser plasma experiments. By focusing a high-power laser on a small target composed of these materials, high energy and density states can be produced. In the past decade or so, various new target fabrication techniques have been developed by many laboratories that use high energy lasers and consequently, many publications and reviews followed these developments. However, the emphasis so far has been on targets that did not utilize low density porous materials. This review therefore, attempts to redress this balance and endeavors to review low density materials used in laser plasma experiments in recent years. The emphasis of this review will be on aspects of low density materials that are of relevance to high energy laser plasma experiments. Aspects of low density materials such as densities, elemental compositions, macroscopic structures, nanostructures, and characterization of these materials will be covered. Also, there will be a brief mention of how these aspects affect the results in laser plasma experiments and the constrictions that these requirements put on the fabrication of low density materials relevant to this field. This review is written from the chemists' point of view to aid physicists and the new comers to this field.

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Section: B Molding Porous Materials Into Target Shapes Using Chemicamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of low density porous materials used in laser plasma experiments

2018

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“…Silica aerogels are low-density (0.002-0.7 mg/cm 3 ), high surface area porous solids composed of N95% of air traditionally synthesized by the sol-gel polymerization of alkoxysilanes under the presence of an acid or base catalyst, and then supercritically dried in an organic solvent or liquid CO 2 [1][2][3]. Because of their low density, high surface areas, high porosity, and excellent insulating properties, aerogels are functional in a variety of applications such as encapsulating agents, thermal insulators, porous separation media, catalyst supports, adsorbents, particle capture agents, and ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) targets [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their low density, high surface areas, high porosity, and excellent insulating properties, aerogels are functional in a variety of applications such as encapsulating agents, thermal insulators, porous separation media, catalyst supports, adsorbents, particle capture agents, and ICF (Inertial Confinement Fusion) targets [1][2][3]. In exhibiting these qualities, they can be used in a variety of applications, however they are also brittle inhibiting their use in other applications [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing mechanical properties of silica aerogels

Obrey

Wilson

Loy

2011

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…We also tried using a more stable holder such as metal. To mold low-density materials during the shaping process, a metallic mold is used to make disks, cylinders, and washers [14,20,21] . However, although the metal holder was stable and flat, it could not hold an n-RF foam because the RF foam expanded and then shrunk during acetone replacement.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Rf Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low-density materials have low mechanical strengths. Therefore, a holder is needed to support these materials during the shaping process [14,20,21] . Fabrication of deuterated targets is also important for inertial fusion experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of disk-shaped, deuterated resorcinol/formaldehyde foam target for laser–plasma experiments

Kaneyasu

Nagai

Cadatal-Raduban

et al. 2021

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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Resorcinol/formaldehyde (RF) foam resin is an attractive material as a low-density target in high-power laser–plasma experiments because of its fine network structure, transparency in the visible region, and low-Z element (hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen) composition. In this study, we developed disk-shaped RF foam and deuterated RF foam targets with 40–200 μm thickness and approximately 100 mg/cm3 density having a network structure from 100 nm to a few micrometers cell size. By deuteration, the polymerization rate was drastically slowed down owing to kinetic isotope effects. These targets were used in high-power laser experiments where a megaelectronvolt proton beam was successfully generated.

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Chemical Compatibility of Silica Aerogel Processes with ICF Hohlraums

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

A review of low density porous materials used in laser plasma experiments

A review of low density porous materials used in laser plasma experiments

Enhancing mechanical properties of silica aerogels

Fabrication of disk-shaped, deuterated resorcinol/formaldehyde foam target for laser–plasma experiments

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