Chemical compatibility of hollow ceramic cenospheres as thermal insulation for high-temperature thermal energy storage applications with molten nitrate salt

Zhao, Youyang; Wagstaff, Emma; Gage, Samuel H.; Payne, Deanna; Turchi, Craig

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111597

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The importance of this research is that it shows the applicability of CSs in medical applications, but not limited to only that. Composites of this type are suitable for acoustic applications, energy storage, and structural applications [37][38][39]. The manner of their surface modification is also important as it helps to avoid phase separation [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenospheres-Reinforced PA-12 Composite: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Soaking Tests

et al. 2022

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The main aim of this research was the preparation of a polymer–ceramic composite with PA-12 as the polymer matrix and modified aluminosilicate cenospheres (CSs) as the ceramic filler. The CSs were subjected to an early purification and cleaning process, which was also taken as a second objective. The CSs were surface modified by a two-step process: (1) etching in Piranha solution and (2) silanization in 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The composite was made for 3D printing by FDM. Raw and modified CSs and a composite with PA-12 were subjected to the following tests: surface development including pores (BET), real density (HP), chemical composition and morphology (SEM/EDS, FTIR), grain analysis (PSD), phase composition (XRD), hardness (HV), and static tensile tests. The composites were subjected to soaking under simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions in artificial saliva for 14, 21, and 29 days. Compared to pure PA-12, PA-12_CS had generally better mechanical properties and was more resistant to SBF at elevated temperatures and soaking times. These results showed this material has potential for use in biomedical applications. These results also showed the necessity of developing a kinetic aging model for aging in different liquids to verify the true value of this material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenospheres-Reinforced PA-12 Composite: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Soaking Tests

et al. 2022

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“…Extensive chemical compatibility testing and characterization of cenospheres with different compositions in molten nitrate were performed via (1) direct immersion in molten nitrate at up to 565°C, (2) optical and electron microscopy, (3) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), (4) X-ray diffraction (XRD), and (5) Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results are published elsewhere [8]. In summary, it is found that 1.…”

Section: Cenosphere's Chemical Compatibility With Molten Nitrate Saltmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In descending order, the major cost savings come from (1) elimination of the structural support and piping systems for the pump and SGS at the tank roof (line 5 and 6 in Table 1), (2) reduced tank external insulation based on a 98% daily round-trip efficiency (line 2 in Table 1), 8 (3) a smaller salt inventory because of the reduction in salt-heel height (line 10 in Table 1), (4) an optimized tank height-to-diameter ratio (line 1 in Table 1), 9 (5) a re-designed tank foundation system (line 3 in Table 1), and (6) a simpler canned motor pump assumed by the new design (line 8 in Table 1). 10 Table 2 shows the complete list of risks from pump relocation and mitigation strategies.…”

Section: Pump Relocation Design and Cost Saving Estimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Designing the CSP Thermal Energy Storage System to Enable Higher-Temperature Performance at Reduced Cost (Final Technical Report)

Zhao

Bowers²

2023

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“…These composites are utilized in various settings, including buildings, pipelines, and industrial equipment, to provide adequate thermal insulation. Additionally, cenosphere is employed as a refractory material, enhancing the thermal insulation properties of bricks and insulating firebricks 8 . The hollow spherical shape of the cenosphere reduces the composite's overall weight and improves the material's mechanical properties 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, cenosphere is employed as a refractory material, enhancing the thermal insulation properties of bricks and insulating firebricks. 8 The hollow spherical shape of the cenosphere reduces the composite's overall weight and improves the material's mechanical properties. 9,10 This, in turn, contributes to improved fuel efficiency in lightweight automotive applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of 3D printable cenosphere‐reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) filaments for lightweight structural applications

Kumar

Negi

2023

Polymer Composites

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Present research evaluates the feasibility of producing polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) filaments reinforced with cenosphere (CS), which have great potential to develop syntactic foam composites (SFC) for several applications, that is, from automotive to aerospace. A melt flow extrusion technique was used to reinforce PETG with different weight fractions (i.e., 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) cenosphere, and further, the thermal, mechanical, and physical properties of the prepared feedstocks were investigated in detail. Results indicated that Young's modulus, load‐bearing capacity, and ultimate tensile strength of PETG filament with 40 wt% CS were 1652.1 5 MPa, 76.91 1 N, and 31.97 1 MPa, respectively, which is similar to virgin PETG filament. In addition, the porosity of the CS‐reinforced PETG filaments decreased with increasing concentration of the CS in the PETG matrix. Such cenosphere‐filled filaments possess attractive thermo‐mechanical and physical properties to develop high‐quality SFC through additive manufacturing (AM) routine.Highlights PETG/cenosphere based 3D printing filaments were developed. The modulus and strength significantly improved by adding 40% cenosphere. The porosity decreased with increasing cenosphere weight fraction. Addition of cenosphere affected water absorption characteristics of filaments.

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Chemical compatibility of hollow ceramic cenospheres as thermal insulation for high-temperature thermal energy storage applications with molten nitrate salt

Cited by 8 publications

References 93 publications

Cenospheres-Reinforced PA-12 Composite: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Soaking Tests

Cenospheres-Reinforced PA-12 Composite: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Soaking Tests

Re-Designing the CSP Thermal Energy Storage System to Enable Higher-Temperature Performance at Reduced Cost (Final Technical Report)

Development of 3D printable cenosphere‐reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) filaments for lightweight structural applications

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